Surgery
-
Past studies have identified surgeon- and institution- related characteristics as prognostic factors in colorectal cancer surgery. The present work assesses the influence of the surgeon's and the hospital's caseload on long-term results of colorectal cancer surgery. ⋯ High surgeon's and hospital's annual caseloads are strong, independent prognostic factors for extending overall and disease-free survival and reducing the rate of local recurrence in 2 randomized colorectal cancer trials.
-
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)) is a key coenzyme of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which is associated with a cytoprotective function in various ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury models. There have been a few reports on the efficacy of BH(4) in the treatment of I/R injury in other organs; therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of BH(4) related with NOS reaction in hepatic I/R injury. ⋯ Exogenous BH(4) increased nitric oxide production, which attenuated the hepatic I/R injury.
-
DNA transcription is regulated, in part, by acetylation of nuclear histones that are controlled by 2 groups of enzymes: histone deacetylases (HDAC) and histone acetyl transferases (HAT). Whether an imbalance in HDAC/HAT system plays a role in hemorrhage/resuscitation is unknown. The goals of this study were to determine whether hemorrhage results in deacetylation of cardiac histones and whether this can be corrected through the application of different resuscitation strategies or specific HDAC inhibitors. ⋯ Hemorrhage/resuscitation is associated with HDAC/HAT activity misbalance, and the acetylation status of cardiac histones is influenced by the choice of resuscitation strategy. Shock-induced changes can be reversed through the infusion of pharmacologic HDAC inhibitor, even when it is administered after the insult for a limited period of time.