Surgery
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Comparative Study
The effect of preoperative biliary drainage on infectious complications after hepatobiliary resection with cholangiojejunostomy.
Arguments against biliary drainage before pancreatoduodenectomy have been gaining momentum recently. The benefits of biliary drainage before hepatobiliary resection, ie, combined liver and extrahepatic bile duct resection, however, are still debatable. ⋯ Preoperative biliary drainage is unlikely to increase the incidence of infectious complications after hepatobiliary resection. Perioperative surveillance bile culture is useful for the perioperative selection of appropriate antibiotics because of the high likelihood that micro-organisms isolated from infected sites are identical to those isolated from bile.
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The number of recovered lymph nodes (LNs) is associated with the prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) undergoing surgical resection. A relationship between negative LN count and patient outcome has been demonstrated in gastrointestinal cancers, including colon and gastric cancers. However, little is known about the prognostic significance of negative LN counts in ESCC. ⋯ A negative LN count was associated with improved survival in patients with curatively resected ESCC.
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Review
Cost: the missing outcome in simulation-based medical education research: a systematic review.
The costs involved with technology-enhanced simulation remain unknown. Appraising the value of simulation-based medical education (SBME) requires complete accounting and reporting of cost. We sought to summarize the quantity and quality of studies that contain an economic analysis of SBME for the training of health professions learners. ⋯ Cost reporting in SBME research is infrequent and incomplete. We propose a comprehensive model for accounting and reporting costs in SBME.