Surgery
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The American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) risk-adjustment model for patients who require hepatic resection does not include metrics of underlying chronic liver disease. The applicability of the current risk adjustment model is under debate. This study aims to assess the impact of chronic liver disease on the ACS NSQIP estimates of postoperative morbidity and mortality. ⋯ In patients selected for hepatectomy, metrics of chronic liver disease were associated with differences in ACS NSQIP estimated probability of morbidity. Incorporation of metrics of chronic liver disease into the ACS NSQIP targeted hepatectomy modules should improve estimates of risk after hepatic resection.
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We compared histologic findings in nonneoplastic portions of liver resected during surgery associating liver partition with portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) with those from hepatectomy after portal vein embolization (PVE). ⋯ In the FLR, regenerative hepatocytes in ALPPS were morphologically immature compared with PVE. ALPPS should be performed with caution, considering limited functional increase in the FLR reflecting immaturity of the regenerative hepatocytes.
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The African continent has the greatest burden of surgical disability-adjusted life years, yet the least is known about operative care here. This analysis describes the surgical patients admitted to 7 hospitals supported by the Médécins Sans Frontières (MSF) over 3 years in 3 conflict-affected countries-Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, Central African Republic, and South Sudan. ⋯ POMRs varied by age group and type of major procedure performed. Collecting surgical data is achievable and can inform future planning and support for national surgical programs. More information is needed on operative outcomes in adults and children in low-resource settings to improve quality and access to care.
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The incidence of reoperation for adhesive bowel obstruction after general abdominal surgery is 2.5% and carries a considerable risk of mortality and morbidity. Adhesions account for 56% of all cases of bowel obstruction. Most epidemiologic knowledge regarding adhesive bowel obstruction is derived from data of national registries and retrospective cohorts of elective abdominal surgery. Because of the design of these studies, it remains unknown whether specific operative factors impact the occurrence of bowel obstruction. We aimed to comprehensively assess risk factors for the incidence of adhesive bowel obstruction with emphasis on intraoperative surgical factors. ⋯ Patients undergoing surgery on the lower gastrointestinal tract and patients with more severe adhesions present at surgery have an increased risk for adhesive bowel obstruction.
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Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy for melanoma results in accurate nodal staging, which guides treatment decisions. Patients with a negative SLN biopsy in general have a favorable prognosis, but certain subsets are at increased risk for recurrence and death. This study aimed to identify risk factors predictive of prognosis in patients with a tumor-negative SLN biopsy for cutaneous melanoma. ⋯ There is a wide range of prognosis among patients with tumor-negative SLN. Breslow thickness, ulceration, age, and anatomic location of the primary melanoma are important independent factors predicting survival and recurrence among such patients. These factors can be used to stratify prognosis among patients with tumor-negative SLN to formulate rational long-term follow-up strategies as well as identify high-risk, SLN-negative patients for clinical trials of adjuvant therapy.