Thorax
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The accuracy of radiography of excised air-inflated lungs in assessing pulmonary emphysema at necropsy was evaluated in a series of 107 adults who had died in hospital by reading the radiographs and examining the pathological specimens independently. The radiographic and pathological assessments of the severity of emphysema correlated significantly (r = 0.87, p less than 0.0001). Mild emphysema was recognised radiographically in 88.7% and moderate in 94.9% of the lungs. ⋯ Radiographical diagnosis of centrilobular and paracicatricial emphysema was verified pathologically in all lungs showing mild emphysema, but that of panlobular emphysema in only 66.7%. Radiography of excised air-inflated lungs is a rapid, convenient, and reliable method of recognising and assessing the severity of appreciable degrees of centrilobular and paracicatricial emphysema, but less reliable in recognising panlobular emphysema. After the procedure the specimen remains available for almost any other technique.
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We induced chronic pulmonary hypertension in one group of rats by exposing them to chronic hypobaric hypoxia (380 mm Hg for three weeks) and in another group by administering a single subcutaneous dose of monocrotaline (60 mg/kg body weight). Both groups of rats showed increase of the right ventricular mean systolic blood pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy. We measured the surface area of histological sections of the left or right lungs and counted all small blood vessels with an external diameter of less than 50 microns and with a definite elastic coat lying distal to respiratory bronchioles. ⋯ The mean total number of small pulmonary blood vessels in nine rats with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension was 396.8 +/- 61.7 compared with 384 +/- 55.4 in three control rats. The number of small pulmonary blood vessels per mm2 lung tissue was 3.3 +/- 0.6 in the rats treated with monocrotaline compared with 3.6 +/- 0.6 in the control group. We conclude that the number of small pulmonary blood vessels is not reduced in rats with pulmonary hypertension induced by chronic hypoxia or monocrotaline.