The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine
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Tohoku J. Exp. Med. · Jul 2021
Case ReportsMicrovascular Decompression for Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia in the Semi-Sitting Position: A Report of Two Cases.
The semi-sitting position is well known to neurosurgeons. However, there are few reports of microvascular decompression surgery for glossopharyngeal neuralgia performed using the semi-sitting position. The semi-sitting position is not widely adopted in Japan, but it is considered to be a very useful neurosurgical position. ⋯ This report describes two cases of glossopharyngeal neuralgia operated in the semi-sitting position. Microvascular decompression was performed on both patients, and postoperative pain controls were good and no complications were observed. We show that the use of the semi-sitting position to perform microvascular decompression for glossopharyngeal neuralgia provides an excellent surgical view of the brainstem.
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Tohoku J. Exp. Med. · Jul 2021
High Feasibility and Safety, but Negligible Efficacy of Acupressure for Treating Nausea in Cancer Patients Admitted to the Palliative Care Unit: A Pilot Study.
Management of nausea is an important dimension of palliative care. The first choice for treating nausea is antiemetics, but their efficacy is inadequate. Acupressure intervention for nausea in cancer patients has been studied as a non-pharmacological therapy, and appears to have had some effect. ⋯ Four patients exhibited decreased nausea but there was no statistically significant difference (P = 0.5). We suggested that acupressure has high feasibility and safety, as an intervention for patients with terminal cancer. However, no significant differences were observed regarding its effect on nausea.
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Tohoku J. Exp. Med. · Jul 2021
Superiority of Cystatin C over Creatinine for Early Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoblastic Lymphoma.
The exact incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) during chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)/lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is unknown. Furthermore, childhood cancer survivors are at risk of AKI-chronic kidney disease transition. Thus, early diagnosis of AKI is crucial. ⋯ The median time to AKI diagnosis was significantly shorter in the CysC-based eGFR than in the Cr-based eGFR (8 vs. 17 days, p < 0.001). In this study, all patients with pediatric ALL/LBL could develop mild AKI during treatment. CysC-based eGFR is a more effective measure than Cr-based eGFR for the early diagnosis of AKI.
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Tohoku J. Exp. Med. · Jul 2021
Relationship between an Oral Health Risk Assessment Using a Salivary Multi-Test System and Woman's Subjective Oral Health Symptoms and Sleep Disorder.
Saliva is used as a diagnosis and monitoring tool for various diseases because it can maintain the balance of the oral ecosystem and reflect the physiological and pathological state of the body. Because women suffer more fatigue than men because of physiological, psychological, and social factors, individual management strategies are needed to evaluate mental health and oral diseases. Therefore, this study examined the oral health risk level from seven saliva factors using a saliva multi-test system for adult women to confirm the possibility of screening for sleep disorders. ⋯ In groups with 'irregular sleep times' and 'insomnia', the acidity was high, and the buffering capacity was low (p < 0.001). This study confirmed the relevance of saliva factors and sleep disorder. Therefore, an evaluation using saliva was confirmed for oral health risk assessments and as an early screening tool for sleep disorders.
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Tohoku J. Exp. Med. · Jul 2021
Deep Learning-Based Nuclear Lobe Count Method for Differential Count of Neutrophils.
Differentiating neutrophils based on the count of nuclear lobulation is useful for diagnosing various hematological disorders, including megaloblastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and sepsis. It has been reported that one-fifth of sepsis-infected patients worldwide died between 1990 and 2017. Notably, fewer nuclear-lobed and stab-formed neutrophils develop in the peripheral blood during sepsis. ⋯ Six-hundred 360 × 363-pixel images of neutrophils having five different nuclear lobulations are automatically captured by Cellavision DM-96, an automatic digital microscope camera. Images are input to an original architecture with five convolutional layers built on a deep learning neural-network platform by Sony, Neural Network Console. The deep learning system distinguishes the four groups (i.e., band-formed, two-, three-, and four- and five- segmented) of neutrophils with up to 99% accuracy, suggesting that neutrophils can be automatically differentiated based on their count of segmented nuclei using deep learning.