Haematologica
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Since it was suggested that B cells play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic graft-versus-host disease, rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody targeting B cells, has been shown to be effective in steroid-refractory, chronic graft-versus-host disease. However, most of the data were from small numbers of patients or retrospective analyses. We, therefore, conducted a multicenter phase II study to confirm the efficacy of this treatment strategy that targets B cells. ⋯ Rituximab could improve clinical responses and quality of life of patients with steroid-refractory chronic graft-versus-host disease, although such patients may need active prophylaxis against infection.