Wiadomości lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960)
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Comparative Study
[Somatic development of seven-year-old Silesian children in view of environment pollution].
Silesia is a very variable area as far as industrialization and urban development are concerned. This involves a variation of material--living conditions of its inhabitants; and this, together with the pollution of natural environment, influences the people's health state. Children are the most vulnerable to environmental stimuli. ⋯ The remaining children were smaller or close to the standard. The children of Miasteczko Slaskie and Pyskowice clearly surpassed in weight, body height and BMI their peers from Szczawnica. The weight and height of seven-year-old children, especially boys, seems to be a good/sensitive indicator of the influence of environmental conditions on children's development.
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Properly administered first aid--restoration of upper respiratory tract patency, pulmonary-circulatory resuscitation, massive internal bleeding arrest, placement of the victim in safe position--may save the lives of many victims of accidents. Everybody should know first aid principles and administer it before paramedics arrive. The aim of the study was to find out the opinion of high school students on first aid in emergency cases, determint to what extent young people are prepared to administer first aid as well as evaluate of actual way of training young people in schools. ⋯ Student do not learn practical skills. Training should start in primary school and continue in adult life in the place of work. It should be conducted by physicians using the most modern didactic devices.
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We distributed a questionnaire among doctors participating in vocational training in Regional Family Doctors Educational Centre at Family Medicine Department in Wrocław Medical Academy and Family Medicine Department of Collegium Medicum in Jagiellonian University. It included questions concerning co-operation of general practitioners with specialist outpatient clinics and assessment of health service reform. The doctors with the first degree of specialisation in internal medicine as well as in family medicine and those training for specialisation filled in the questionnaires. ⋯ We asked the doctors about the quality of co-operation with specialists, reservations about the co-operation and suggestions on how to improve it. The doctors also expressed their opinions on transformation in medical care, job opportunities for specialist in family medicine and suggestions for family doctors' future improvement. Our paper presents an attempt to evaluate medical care system reform and the state of co-operation of general practitioners with specialists as well as to draw conclusions regarding possibilities of improving this co-operation and raising the standard of comprehensive patient care.
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Reports concerning methodology of studies on patients' satisfaction suggest that the way questions are composed may have significant effect on the received answers. For example responses to closed-ended questions are usually positive, while in contrast, the responses to open-ended questions tend to be negative. This is described as "leniency effect". ⋯ Most frequently negative comments were related to short time of consultation, difficulty with obtaining referral to a specialist and lack of holistic approach to a patient. The results of our study suggest that questionnaires are not sufficiently precise tools in a complex evaluation of doctors' care by their patients. In practice this may mean that questionnaire surveys, which are often used because of the ease of administration, may require to be complemented or replaced by other more qualitative research tools, such as in depth interviews and open questions.