Seminars in oncology
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Seminars in oncology · Oct 1994
Clinical TrialCarboplatin and radiotherapy in the treatment of head and neck cancer: six years' experience.
Between 1987 and 1991, 103 patients with advanced head and neck carcinoma were treated with radiochemotherapy plus carboplatin. Tumors were located in the oral cavity in 33 patients, the oropharynx in eight, and the hypopharynx in seven. Four patients had a tumor of the epipharynx and three, tumor of the larynx. ⋯ Patients with advanced head and neck carcinomas are either randomized for conventional radiotherapy plus carboplatin or hyperfractionated accelerated irradiation plus carboplatin. As of July 1994, 178 patients have been entered in the study. Results will be evaluated after the study is completed.
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Seminars in oncology · Oct 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA report comparing the use of tropisetron (Navoban), a 5-HT3 antagonist, with a standard antiemetic regimen of dexamethasone and metoclopramide in cisplatin-treated patients under conditions of severe emesis.
This report of a double-blind, randomized study performed to evaluate the comparative antiemetic efficacy of tropisetron (Navoban; Sandoz Pharma Ltd, Basel, Switzerland), a new 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist, focuses on treatment during stages of chemotherapy when nausea and vomiting are particularly severe. One hundred fifteen chemotherapy-naive patients with malignant disease were administered either tropisetron (n = 58) or a dexamethasone dose plus a metoclopramide dose (n = 57) during 5 days of two successive cycles of chemotherapy. Within the first 24 hours after receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy, 76% of patients in the tropisetron group remained free of vomiting (with 59% of patients free of nausea) compared with 39% of patients free of vomiting in the conventionally treated group (30% of patients free of nausea). ⋯ The difference in incidence of nausea and vomiting between the patient groups was statistically significant (P < .05). The efficacy of tropisetron was well maintained during the second consecutive chemotherapy cycle; during the first 24 hours, 72% and 62% of patients remained free of vomiting and nausea, respectively. Tropisetron appears to be a highly effective, well tolerated, and simple to use antiemetic agent for patients receiving chemotherapy.
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Seminars in oncology · Oct 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialTropisetron (Navoban) alone and in combination with dexamethasone in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced emesis: the Nordic experience.
Three Nordic multicenter studies were performed between 1988 and 1992 to evaluate the efficacy of tropisetron (Navoban; Sandoz Pharma Ltd, Basel, Switzerland) as an antiemetic agent in patients undergoing various types of chemotherapy. More than 1,050 patients were recruited from cancer centers in Sweden, Finland, and Denmark. In the first two studies, chemotherapy-naive patients were studied for 6-day periods over two consecutive treatment cycles. ⋯ The long-term effects of tropisetron therapy remained consistent over 10 consecutive courses of chemotherapy. Tropisetron was more effective during noncisplatin treatment compared with cisplatin treatment; it was also more effective in men and in older patients (> 50 years of age). The most frequent adverse events were headache (18%) and constipation (8%).
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Seminars in oncology · Oct 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialA three-arm trial of vinorelbine (Navelbine) plus cisplatin, vindesine plus cisplatin, and single-agent vinorelbine in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: an expanded analysis.
Phase II studies have demonstrated that vinorelbine (Navelbine; Burroughs Wellcome Co, Research Triangle Park, NC; Pierre Fabre Médicament, Paris, France) alone or in combination with cisplatin has promising activity against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). On the basis of these preliminary trials, a phase III study was designed to compare intravenous vinorelbine (30 mg/m2 weekly) plus cisplatin (120 mg/m2 on day 1 and day 29 and then every 6 weeks) with vindesine (3 mg/m2 weekly for 6 weeks and then every 2 weeks) plus cisplatin, and to evaluate whether the best of these regimens afforded a survival benefit compared with intravenous vinorelbine alone, an outpatient regimen. This report presents an expanded analysis of data from this previously published study. ⋯ The major difference in survival between the two cisplatin-containing regimens occurred in patients with metastatic (stage IV) NSCLC. The incidence of granulocytopenia was significantly higher in the vinorelbine plus cisplatin arm compared with the other two treatment groups, but neurotoxicity was significantly more frequent in the vindesine plus cisplatin group. The results of this study indicate that the combination of vinorelbine plus cisplatin is a viable treatment option for patients with NSCLC and may provide advantages compared with other commonly used regimens.