The European journal of surgery = Acta chirurgica
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To measure the plasma catecholamine concentrations during an episode of haemorrhagic shock treated by intraosseous infusion of a small volume of hyperosmotic fluid in a standardised porcine model. ⋯ Intraosseous hyperosmotic resuscitation increases the circulatory performance and reduces the plasma catecholamine concentrations during haemorrhagic shock in pigs.