Panminerva medica
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Recently, microRNA-99b (miR-99b) shows diverse functions in different human disease. However, further studies about the potential effect of miR-99b in cerebral ischemia injury still need to be done. ⋯ MiR-99b promoted the viability and suppressed apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells under OGD/R conditions through targeting IGF1R.
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Dizziness is a common disorder, particularly among the elderly population. Aim of this paper was to revise the current concepts surrounding the relationship between dizziness, psychological disorders and cognitive decline. ⋯ The current literature suggests that there is an association between vestibular function, psychological disorders and cognitive functions. The findings from this review could be useful in informing on the need for a multidimensional diagnostic and rehabilitative programs for patients with dizziness. More studies could explore the role of counseling or behavioral therapy with an aim to reduce the perceived dizziness-related disability.
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Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) are a complex cluster of synthetic derivatives of testosterone. AAS abuse is considered a major public health issue since it has increased among young/adolescent males. The use of steroids has a prevalence rate of 14% in young athletes and 30-75% in professional athletes or bodybuilders. AASs simulate the testosterone mechanism, binding the intracellular androgen receptor, and dysregulating the normal hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in the same way as exogenous testosterone. Abuse can produce several side effects on organs, such as the genital system. The physio-pathological mechanisms that cause AAS abuse-related, genital system disorders in humans are still not completely known. ⋯ The present review of the literature highlights how little is known about the action of AASs on the male genital system. However, although their use is prohibited in many countries, the black market for these substances is still very frequent. The scientific landscape still has a lot to invest in the research of AAS on the male genital system to make young people even more aware of the negative aspects of these substances, contributing to the reduction of these products in an inappropriate way.