Przegla̧d epidemiologiczny
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Actual criteria for diagnosis and classification of sepsis are presented, and the influence of an ongoing investigation of the pathogenesis of sepsis on the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic tools is discussed. Direct intervention in the innate immunity and systemic inflammatory response mechanisms seems promising therapeutic approach and some potential therapies are under development, including attempts to modulate function of innate immunity Toll-like receptors.
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Historical Article
[Selected bibliography on National Institute of Hygiene].
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Serologic confirmation is required for diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis in all the patients except those with well confirmed and typical erythema migrans (EM) lesion. In patients with articular symptoms, the primary cause of seronegativity is performing a test at a very early stage of the disease, before detectable levels of anti-Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. antibodies build up. ⋯ Secondly, insufficient antibiotic treatment of EM may halt development of humoral response without total eradication of the pathogen, which may result in the relapse of arthritis without detectable anti-B. burgdorferi s.l. antibodies for up to several months later--a rather rare phenomenon, which, however, must be taken into consideration in patients with a history of treated EM. A fe cases of seronegative Lyme arthritis not related to previous antibiotherapy have been reported, but i seems an extremely rare condition, and, if suspected, should be confirmed by histopathologic or molecular examination of the material from the affected joint.
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Case Reports
[Favourable course of herpes simplex encephalitis in the 37-year-old woman in 26th weeks of pregnancy].
Herpes simplex (HSV) encephalitis is a disease with a high mortality. HSV infections affect relatively young people. Characteristic neurological signs, MRI findings, PCR of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are useful tools in early recognition of HSV encephalitis. We present a case of HSV encephalitis with favourable course in 37-year-old woman in 26 week of pregnancy.
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The International Health Regulations (2005), which entered into force in June 2007, provide guidelines and recommendations to establish core capacities not only in communicable disease surveillance but also in preparedness and response to every, even unpredictable, public health emergencies. The points of entry are the trouble spot in the spread of diseases through international traffic. ⋯ That is why WHO puts an effort to help State-Parties to strengthen their national surveillance systems and develop core capacities in preparedness and response in points of entry. In the article the author gives examples of prophylaxis of communicable diseases in points of entry according to IHR (2005) recommendations.