Kekkaku : [Tuberculosis]
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Tuberculosis occupies 4th place among major causes of death, and the number of new cases is estimated at 7.25 million in 1997, and 99% of TB deaths and 95% of new TB cases are seen in developing countries. TB had been brought under control in developed countries by applying modern TB control programme including chemotherapy, as basic health infrastructure was already well developed, and their economy can afford cost of control programme including TB drugs. The rapid decline of TB due to the success of TB control in developed countries had lowered the concern on TB, thus bought about the reduction in research grant for TB and difficulty in bringing up successors engaging in TB control. ⋯ Currently, Global TB Programme (GTB) is promoting so-called DOTS strategy of TB control, consisting of the commitment of the government to give high priority to TB control, passive case-finding with sputum smear examination by microscopy, directly observed treatment by standardized short-course regimen of chemotherapy, well-organized logistics for TB drugs, and the provision of reporting and monitoring system of TB including the evaluation of treatment outcome by cohort analysis. Marked achievements have been obtained in several countries introduced DOTS strategy. Japan is asked to intensify its efforts in international cooperation in TB control.
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Kekkaku : [Tuberculosis] · Feb 1999
[Management of mycobacteriosis in general hospital without isolation ward for tuberculosis patients. Clinical study on pulmonary tuberculosis associated with lung cancer patients].
Sixteen of 758 lung cancer in patients (2.1%) were found to have coexisting pulmonary tuberculosis. Of the above 16 of 758 patients (fifteen men and one woman), 4 of 214 patients (1.9%) were found from 1988 to 1989, and 12 of 544 patients (2.2%) from 1991 to 1994. In six patients, pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer were found at the same time by clinical work up. ⋯ The efficacy of anti-tuberculous chemotherapy was almost comparable to that in patients without lung cancer. However, prognosis was poor, in line with that of lung cancer. Main discussion was devoted to the reason why the incidence (in association with tuberculosis) of adenocarcinoma exceeded that of squamous cell carcinoma in our present study at variance with the studies of other investigators.