Journal of neurology
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Journal of neurology · Jan 2019
ReviewAn update on the diagnosis and management of the polyneuropathy of POEMS syndrome.
POEMS syndrome is a rare, chronic, disabling paraneoplastic disorder characterized by peripheral neuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal plasma cells disorder and skin changes. Diagnosis relies on the fulfillment of a set of clinical criteria of which polyneuropathy and a monoclonal plasma cell dyscrasia are early and essential features. ⋯ Our knowledge of the pathogenesis underlying the POEMS syndrome has advanced greatly over the past years, favoring an important progression in the recognition and management of this disorder. Here, we discuss the recent literature that has advanced our knowledge of the pathogenesis and clinical management of the polyneuropathy in POEMS syndrome.
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Journal of neurology · Jan 2019
Intrathecal administration of nusinersen in adolescent and adult SMA type 2 and 3 patients.
Spinal muscular atrophy is a genetic motor neuron disease that leads to progressive muscular atrophy and muscle weakness. In December 2016, the Food and Drug Administration, and in June 2017, the European Medicines Agency approved the antisense oligonucleotide nusinersen for treatment of spinal muscular atrophy. Nusinersen has to be repeatedly administered intrathecally. ⋯ Moreover, we analyzed the use of CT-scans for performing lumbar punctures and its associated radiation exposure. Performing lumbar puncture for the intrathecal administration of nusinersen in adolescent and adult patients with later-onset SMA is feasible and safe, even in patients with complex spinal anatomies and respiratory insufficiency. To guarantee the quality of the procedure, we recommend establishing an experienced interdisciplinary team consisting of neurologists and/or neuropediatricians, anesthesiologists, orthopedic surgeons, and/or neuroradiologists.
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Journal of neurology · Jan 2019
Safety and efficacy of short- and long-term inspiratory muscle training in late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD): a pilot study.
In patients with late-onset Pompe disease, progressive respiratory muscle weakness with predominantly diaphragmatic involvement is a frequent finding at later stages of the disease. Respiratory muscle training (RMT) is an established therapy option for patients with several neuromuscular disorders including Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Forced voluntary muscle contractions of inspiration and/or expiration muscles enhance ventilation by increasing respiratory coordination, endurance, and strength. Efficacy of RMT in LOPD is rarely examined, and the clinical studies performed are difficult to compare because of different training programs and protocols. This impedes a useful statement and recommendation about the safety and efficacy of respiratory muscle training. ⋯ Frequent IMT improves MIP and thereby stabilizes and decelerates the decline of the diaphragm strength. The gradual increase of inspiratory resistance is well tolerated without any increase of side effects, as long as IMT is supervised and resistance is individually adjusted to the patient's perceived grade of exhaustion. Although we could not detect a significant impact on secondary outcome measures, IMT should be offered to all LOPD patients, especially to those who demonstrate a progressive decline in respiratory muscle function or are unable to receive ERT.