The Urologic clinics of North America
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Nocturnal enuresis is a problem that affects many children and their families. The etiology seems to be multifactorial and may include a combination of genetic factors,abnormal urodynamics, alterations in vasopressin secretion, sleep factors, psychologic factors, organic disease, and maturational delay. ⋯ Currently, the mainstays of medical therapy are DDAVP, imipramine, and oxybutynin. Medications can help to control the symptoms of enuresis, but they generally do not provide a cure; therefore, behavioral therapy is often recommended in conjunction with pharmacotherapy.
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Nocturnal enuresis is a common problem. Physiologic and environmental factors are thought to have a role in the etiology and treatment of this condition. ⋯ Common behavioral treatments are described, and evidence for their efficacy is reviewed. A brief discussion of hypnosis and acupuncture is included.