Anaesthesia, critical care & pain medicine
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Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med · Feb 2016
Review Meta AnalysisEfficacy and safety of sedation with dexmedetomidine in critical care patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Dexmedetomidine may help physicians target a low level of sedation. Unfortunately, the impact of dexmedetomidine on major endpoints remains unclear in intensive care unit (ICU). ⋯ In this first meta-analysis including only randomized controlled trials related to ICU patients, dexmedetomidine was associated with a 48h reduction in ICU length of stay, mechanical ventilation duration and delirium occurrence despite a significant heterogeneity among studies. Dexmedetomidine was also associated with an increase in bradycardia and hypotension.
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Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med · Feb 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialImpact of preoperative continuous femoral blockades on morphine consumption and morphine side effects in hip-fracture patients: A randomized, placebo-controlled study.
Upon arrival at the emergency department, hip-fracture pain relief is usually carried out via systemic opioids. Continuous nerve blocks are efficient in the postoperative period, but have not been evaluated preoperatively. This study compared the reduction in morphine consumption and related side effects of a continuous femoral block with a single shot block in hip-fracture patients. ⋯ Preoperative continuous femoral blockades using ropivacaine reduce morphine side effects (mainly nausea) in hip-fracture patients without reducing morphine consumption.
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Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med · Feb 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyPlasma concentrations of ropivacaine following ultrasound-guided or nerve-stimulator-guided femoral nerve block: A prospective randomised study.
Our aim was to establish a plasma concentration curve for ropivacaine following femoral nerve blockade and to ascertain whether the resulting plasma concentrations differ significantly depending on whether neurostimulation (NS) or ultrasound (US) guidance was used. ⋯ Plasma concentrations of ropivacaine peak around 30 minutes after a femoral nerve block regardless of the technique used. No significant difference was found between US- and NS-guidance.
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Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med · Feb 2016
Infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks combined with general anaesthesia for outpatient rhinoseptoplasty: A prospective randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
We conducted a study to determine the efficacy of bilateral extraoral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks during outpatient rhinoseptoplasty under general anaesthesia. ⋯ Bilateral extraoral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks performed with 0.25% levobupivacaine during general anaesthesia combining remifentanil and desflurane reduce the perioperative dose of morphine and the time spent in the post-anaesthesia care unit and the outpatient ward in adult patients undergoing outpatient rhinoseptoplasty.