West African journal of medicine
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This study evaluated, the influence of mode of delivery, obstetric analgesia and anaesthesia on the maternal plasma renin angiotension system (RAS) in the normotensive primigravidae (n-10) and those with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) (n-18). A total of 56 plasma samples from these subjects were assayed for Plasma Renin Concentration (PRC) and Plasma Renin Activity (PRA), using the radio-immunoassay technique. The normotensive subjects had normal delivery, while their hypertensive counterparts were delivered vaginally under lumbar epidural analgesia (n = 10) and with Caesarean Section (n = 8). ⋯ The mean pre-labour PRC and PRA levels for the normotensive subjects were 5.73 +/- 0.25, and 3.56 +/- 0.13 ngml.1hr-1; and the post-delivery PRC and PRA values were 4.43 +/- 0.18 and 2.1 +/- 0.05ngml-1hr-1 respectively. The mean pre-labour PRC and PRA levels for the hypertensive subjects, who were delivered under epidural analgesia were 6.38 +/- 0.52 and 3.64 +/- 0.09 ngml-1hr-1 and the post-delivery values for this group were 5.04 +/- 0.21 and 2.34 +/- 0.07 ngml-1hr-1 respectively. The mean pre-labour PRC and PRA levels for the hypertensive subjects who were delivered by Caesarean Section were 5.87 +/- 0.36 and 3.83 +/- 0.36 ngml-1hr-1 and their post-delivery PRC and PRA values were 4.55 +/- 0.30 and 2.30 +/- 0.09 respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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A radiology end of course assessment for 48 (60%) of 90 students in 3rd year medical course shows that 9 (19%) passed the pathological traumatic films, 36 (75%) passed the radiographic anatomy of oblique lumbar spine, 12 (25%) passed the normal contrast study of the female reproductive organ--Hysterosalpingogram, and an equal number passed the pathological rachitic bone. The poor performance results from lack of exposure to radiographic anatomy during course of traditional anatomy, inadequate time for teaching of clinical radiology and the relative under-estimation of the importance of radiology in medicine by students as well as the Medical Education Planners. Measures to correct these are presented.
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1000 patients receiving subarachnoid anaesthesia for various surgical procedures were studied. The patients were followed up postoperatively and the incidence and severity of post-spinal headache determined. The overall incidence was 2.8%. It was higher in females than in males and decreased with increasing age.