Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi
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Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi · Nov 2020
[Application and thinking of health standards related to medical care and health information in prevention and control of COVID-19].
Objective: To compare the technical elements of health standards for nosocomial infection control, health protection, health information, and health emergency and biosafety in the context of the prevention and control of COVID-19, and provide support for the further optimization of the epidemic prevention and control guidelines. Methods: Above mentioned health standards used in COVID-19 prevention and control were collected for a systematic comparison with "Guidelines for Prevention and Control of COVID-19 in Medical Institutions" (the 1(st) Edition) from the perspective of technical elements. ⋯ Conclusions: The implementation of the current health standards can provide strong technical support for the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic. The experience obtained in the epidemic prevention and control can also contribute to the further revision and improvement of the health standards.
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Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi · Oct 2020
[Trends of burden on ischemic heart disease and epidemiological transition of related risk factors in China, 1990-2017].
Objective: To examine the trend of burden on ischemic heart disease (IHD) and epidemiological transition on related risk factors among the Chinese population from 1990 to 2017. Methods: Based on open access data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 Study, we used years of life lost (YLD), years lived with disability (YLL), and disability-adjusted of life years (DALY) to describe the changes of IHD burden stratified by different sex and age groups from 1990 to 2017. We applied population-attributable faction (PAF) to analyze the burden attributable to risk factors and epidemiological transition. ⋯ Conclusions: Despite the fact that burden on IHD-caused premature death had been reducing, related disabilities remain challenging with IHD the leading cause of burden, particularly in the ≥70 year-olds. Higher IHD burden from premature death was seen in males but disability appeared higher in females. It is significantly important to strengthen programs on prevention and control for hypertension including reducing modifiable risk factors such as smoking, unreasonable diet habits.
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Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi · Oct 2020
[Epidemiological study design of asymptomatic infection of the 2019 novel coronavirus].
COVID-19 is caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). COVID-19 clinical cases are considered as the principal source of infection, however, asymptomatic cases may also play a role in the transmission. Significant gap exists in terms of the proportion or prevalence and transmissibility of asymptomatic cases. ⋯ In each selected region, both general community residents and key populations at high risk of COVID-19 infection, including recovered COVID-19 cases, close contacts of confirmed COVID-19 cases, medical professionals, investigators at CDCs, and visitors to fever clinics, will be recruited and examined for viral RNA of 2019-nCoV and serum antibodies. Prevalence and characterization of asymptomatic cases will be determined, stratified by varied demographics and exposure risk. During the follow-up, the change in the serum antibodies will be studied prospectively in the symptomatic and asymptomatic cases to address the scientific and public health concerns of infectivity and transmissibility of 2019-nCoV.
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Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi · Oct 2020
[Technical guidelines for seasonal influenza vaccination in China (2020-2021)].
Influenza virus infection is a respiratory infectious disease that can seriously affect human health. Influenza viruses can have frequent antigenic variation and changes, which can result in rapid and widespread transmission resulting in annual epidemics and outbreaks in places of public gathering such as schools, kindergartens and nursing homes. According to WHO estimation, seasonal influenza epidemics have caused an annually 3 to 5 million severe cases and 290 000 to 650 000 deaths globally. ⋯ Influenza vaccine is also recommended for use in pregnant women during any trimester. These guidelines are intended for use by staff members of the CDCs at all levels who work on influenza control and prevention, PoVs staff members, healthcare workers from the departments of pediatrics, internal medicine, and infectious diseases, and staff members of maternity and child care institutions at all levels. These guidelines will be updated periodically as new evidence becomes available.
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Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi · Aug 2020
[Evaluation of the emergency response strategies and measures on the epidemic of COVID-19 in Shenzhen, China].
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the strategies on COVID-19 outbreak control in Shenzhen, and to clarify the feasibility of these strategies in metropolitans that have high population density and strong mobility. Methods: The epidemic feature of COVID-19 was described by different phases and was used to observe the effectiveness of intervention. Hierarchical spot map was drawn to clarify the distribution and transmission risk of infection sources at different time points. ⋯ Conclusions: Although the response initiated by the health administration department played a key role at the early stage of the epidemic, it was not enough to contain the outbreak of COVID-19. The first-level emergency response initiated by provincial and municipal government was effective and ensured the start of work resumption after the Spring Festival. Metropolitans like Shenzhen can also achieve the goals of strategies and measures for containment and mitigation of COVID-19.