Primary care
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Sports endocrinology holds a unique importance in understanding and optimizing an active and healthy lifestyle. Active patients with diabetes will need to consider modifying medications, especially insulin. ⋯ Menstrual disorders and energy imbalances are some special concerns when treating female athletes, calling for a multidisciplinary treatment team. Performance agents are popular and have made their way into recreational sports.
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This article includes a review of information primary care physicians need to know direct their evaluation and treatment of thyroid disorders that include sick euthyroid, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and subclinical thyroid disorders.
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Endocrine emergencies encompass a group of conditions that occur when hormonal deficiency or excess results in acute presentation. If these endocrine disorders are not rapidly identified or if specific treatment is delayed, significant complications or even death may occur. ⋯ It discusses various causative factors, diagnostic approaches, and treatment modalities, emphasizing the significance of preventive measures. This article is aimed at guiding health care professionals, and this overview seeks to enhance understanding and improve patient outcomes in managing endocrine emergencies.
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Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease that is highly prevalent in the United States. Obesity is typically classified by body mass index and the US Preventive Services Task Force recommends screening all patients 6 years or older for obesity. Evaluation includes a thorough history and physical examination as well as laboratory tests including hemoglobin A1c, comprehensive metabolic panel, lipid panel, and thyroid-stimulating hormone. Treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach including nutrition, physical activity, and behavioral therapy as well as pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery when appropriate.