California medicine
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In this age of specialization it is often difficult for the patient to determine who "his doctor" is. In the circumstances of anesthesia and surgery, the professional services of both physicians, the anesthetist and the surgeon, are highly integrated and the lines of responsibility must be clearly established. In the particularly close associations between anesthetist, surgeon and patient there is an urgent need for the application of scientific method in order to facilitate communication, improve the approach to the solution of problems, and enhance the welfare of the patient.