Journal of vascular and interventional neurology
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The artery to trigeminal nerve ganglion has been identified as a branch that arises from the extracranial segment of middle meningeal artery prior to entry into the foramen spinosum. The role of the artery in being the arterial supply to trigeminal nerve ganglion is supported by electrophysiological and clinical suppression of trigeminal nerve activity during selective intra-arterial injection of anesthetics.
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Several studies using Doppler ultrasound have suggested cerebral venous drainage is through paravertebral venous plexus due to the collapse of internal jugular veins in an upright position. ⋯ Our results demonstrate prominent changes in venous drainage patterns during upright angiographic images. Further studies would have to identify the patients in whom additional information in the upright angiography may provide clinically relevant information.