Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Generalized periodic discharges and 'triphasic waves': A blinded evaluation of inter-rater agreement and clinical significance.
Generalized periodic discharges (GPDs) are associated with nonconvulsive seizures. Triphasic waves (TWs), a subtype of GPDs, have been described in relation to metabolic encephalopathy and not felt to be associated with seizures. We sought to establish the consistency of use of this descriptive term and its association with seizures. ⋯ Conventional association of 'triphasic waves' with specific clinical conditions may lead to inaccurate EEG interpretation.
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Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), including transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation (tDCS, tACS) are non-invasive brain stimulation techniques increasingly used for modulation of central nervous system excitability in humans. Here we address methodological issues required for tES application. This review covers technical aspects of tES, as well as applications like exploration of brain physiology, modelling approaches, tES in cognitive neurosciences, and interventional approaches. It aims to help the reader to appropriately design and conduct studies involving these brain stimulation techniques, understand limitations and avoid shortcomings, which might hamper the scientific rigor and potential applications in the clinical domain.
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Meta Analysis
An evaluation of motor evoked potential surrogate endpoints during intracranial vascular procedures.
MEPs are used as surrogate endpoints to predict the effectiveness of interventions, made in response to MEP deterioration, in avoiding new postoperative deficits. MEP performance in capturing intervention effects on these outcomes was investigated. ⋯ The performance of MEPs as substitute, or surrogate, endpoints during intracranial vascular surgeries for new deficits in motor strength in the immediate postoperative period was directly assessed for ten recent studies.
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Slowed peak resting frequency and MEG overactivation in survivors of severe sepsis and septic shock.
Survivors of severe sepsis and septic shock suffer from residual severe cognitive impairments, which persist even years after intensive care unit (ICU) discharge. As the awareness of long-term consequences gradually grows, research has focused on cognitive impairments via questionnaires, but only few have focused on structural or electrophysiological features, such as the peak resting frequency, which is commonly seen as a hallmark of brain function. ⋯ We suggest that the postseptic frequency shift is due to abnormal thalamocortical dynamics.
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Comparative Study
EEG characteristics in "eyes-open" versus "eyes-closed" conditions: Small-world network architecture in healthy aging and age-related brain degeneration.
Applying graph theory, we investigated how cortical sources small worldness (SW) of resting EEG in eyes-closed/open (EC/EO) differs in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects with respect to normal elderly (Nold). ⋯ We proposed the application of graph theory to EEG in reactivity to EO in order to find a marker of diagnosis that - in association with other techniques of neuroimaging - could be sensitive to the progression of MCI or conversion into AD.