Anästhesie, Intensivtherapie, Notfallmedizin
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Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed · Feb 1982
[Epidural fentanyl analgesia for the relief of postoperative pain (author's transl)].
The results are reviewed which were obtained with epidural administration of fentanyl for the relief of pain in 134 patients who had undergone abdominal surgery or had sustained multiple fractures of the ribs. Single doses of 0.1 mg of fentanyl were given epidurally via an indwelling catheter inserted between L1/L2 or L2/L3 or, in the case of 7 patients with multiple rib fractures, between Th8/Th9. The results were satisfactory to excellent. ⋯ Epidural injections caused a steeper rise in concentration than did intramuscular administration. Although none of the patients developed respiratory depression the possibility of respiratory failure should be taken into account when employing epidural fentanyl analgesia. The method is very effective in intensive therapy for relieving postoperative or post-traumatic pain, but is unsuitable for the relief of chronic pain because the analgesic effect is comparatively short-lived.
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Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed · Feb 1982
[Micropore filters for preventing venous air embolism during infusions (author's transl)].
The use of automatic pumps in intensive care medicine does not preclude the risk of accidental air embolism. The repeated introduction of small air bubbles into the infusion system in the course of additional medication may have a cumulative effect resulting in the blocking of the pulmonary capillary system. ⋯ The efficacy of the microfilter Ultipor type FAE-020 (marketed by Pall Biomedizin GmbH) in preventing the introduction of air was tested in 50 specimens with 650 single injections and 10 slow drip infusions by means of the ultrasound Doppler technique. The filters reliably stopped the introduction of air into the circulation.
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Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed · Feb 1982
[Principles of clinical pharmacokinetics in anaesthesiology (author's transl)].
The principles of clinical pharmacokinetics of intravenous and inhalation anaesthesia and the correlation with pharmacodynamics are reviewed with special reference to the commonly used anaesthetic agents. Pharmacokinetics is regarded mainly as an aid towards optimization of dosage. ⋯ Interindividual variations and biological disposition are not taken into account. The kinetic processes common to intravenous and inhalation anaesthesia are presented in the form of a multiexponential function for constant concentrations.