The American journal of otology
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As previously stated in this paper, the therapeutic goal in the management of patients with chronic pain conditions in the face, head and neck is management and rehabilitation, striving for a 50 percent decrease in pain, a 50 percent increase in function and mobility, and a 50 percent decrease in medication with the elimination of agents with an addicting potential. These results will best be obtained through proper diagnosis and utilization of the aforementioned techniques in an interdisciplinary fashion as has been described.
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Biography Historical Article
The deafness of Beethoven: an audiologic and medical overview.
The hearing loss of Ludwig von Beethoven has fascinated physicians, audiologists, and musicologists for almost 200 years. In this review of the literature, the features, treatment, and differential diagnosis of the composer's malady are discussed. ⋯ The author concludes with the majority of otologists that cochlear otosclerosis is the most likely diagnosis for the hearing loss. In addition, a summary of Beethoven's complicated medical history and results of the autopsy that confirmed chronic liver disease are included.