Rheumatology
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To determine frequency and syndrome specificity of novel and known nervous system (NS)-directed antibodies in a large, unbiased cohort of SLE patients in the Swiss SLE Cohort Study. ⋯ Anti-NS antibodies, most prevalently anti-MOG antibodies, are significantly associated with NPSLE and manifest with the distinct neurological syndrome associated with the antibody in a subgroup. Follow-up studies in large, independent cohorts will reveal whether these anti-NS antibodies could serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for NPSLE and enable tailored treatment decisions in this challenging and diverse patient cohort.