Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society
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Respiratory virus infection (RVI) is a prevalent infection in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) and can result in significant morbidity and mortality. Ability to assess the potential severity of RVI is important in the management of such patients. ⋯ The ISI is a useful aid for decision-making during clinic consultation for patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of an RVI.
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Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) encephalitis/myelitis is now a well-known complication after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), particularly after cord blood transplantation (CBT). In this study, we evaluated the risk factors of HHV-6 encephalitis/myelitis. ⋯ Although it has been shown that CBT, ES, and history of allo-HSCT are risk factors for HHV-6 encephalitis/myelitis, our study demonstrated MMF is also a risk factor for the disease.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Risk factors, survival, and impact of prophylaxis length in cytomegalovirus-seropositive lung transplant recipients: A prospective, observational, multicenter study.
The optimal length of cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in lung transplantation according to CMV serostatus is not well established. ⋯ CMV infection and disease in CMV-seropositive LTR remain frequent despite current prophylaxis. CMV disease increases mortality, whereas 180-day prophylaxis reduces the incidence of CMV disease.
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Comparative Study
Microbiologic yield of bronchoalveolar lavage specimens from stem cell transplant recipients.
Stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients commonly undergo bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) collection as an infectious pulmonary work-up. Previous studies report the utility and overall diagnostic yield of fiberoptic bronchoscopy with BAL in this vulnerable population, though none focused purely on microbiologic yield or made comparisons with less invasive means of pathogen detection. We sought to determine and elaborate on the microbiologic yield of BAL in SCT recipients, assess a correlation between BAL studies and less invasive means of pathogen detection, and assess the utility of repeating a BAL within 30 days. ⋯ Although an initial BAL sample in this population provides crucial microbiologic information, repeating the procedure within 30 days may have minimal additional microbiologic yield. BAL continues to be an essential diagnostic tool in SCT recipients undergoing an infectious pulmonary work-up.
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Vascularized composite tissue allografts include skin, which frequently undergoes, in the early post-graft period, acute rejections. The diagnosis of acute rejection may be difficult as it can be mimicked by several dermatoses. ⋯ Physical examination and skin biopsy were diagnostic of scabies. This ectoparasitosis should be added in the list of dermatoses that can mimic allograft rejection in vascular composite allografts.