Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research
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Japan has the highest smoking prevalence among the G7 countries, and the Japanese government is expanding tobacco control measures, such as financial support for nicotine replacement therapy and cigarette price increases, to reduce smoking. In 2006, we examined intended quit attempts using hypothetical questions. Since then, a price increase for cigarettes has been proposed and has come closer to being realized. ⋯ The shift of preference for intended attempts to quit is diverse according to nicotine dependence. These differences may be derived from the variations of their time and risk preference and their trust in the tobacco price policies.
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Comparative Study
The association between statin use and outcomes potentially attributable to an unhealthy lifestyle in older adults.
To explore the "healthy user" and "healthy adherer" effects-hypothetical sources of bias thought to arise when patients who initiate and adhere to preventive therapies are more likely to engage in healthy behaviors than are other subjects. ⋯ These results suggest that patients initiating and adhering to chronic preventive drug therapies are more likely to engage in other health-promoting behaviors. Failure to account for this relationship may introduce bias in any epidemiologic study evaluating the effect of a preventive therapy on clinical outcomes.
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Comparative Study
Trends in health care utilization in British Columbia following public coverage for tiotropium.
To examine the use and cost of health-care services in British Columbia, Canada, before and after public drug coverage for tiotropium bromide. ⋯ Public drug plan coverage for tiotropium in British Columbia reduced out-of-pocket costs for patients and their private insurers. Before versus after time series analysis did not show a reduction in hospitalizations or physician visits, or costs associated with those services.