Sudebno-meditsinskaia ekspertiza
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The author compares the properties (caliber, power, speed) of the firearm projectiles and bullets with the high muzzle energy shot from pneumatic weapons. Results of experimental observations with the use of biological and non-biological objects are presented. The entry and exit wounds in the skin and bones as well as the resulting damage inflicted to the tissues and the character of bullet deformation are described.
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Historical Article
[Forensic medicine as the cradle of toxicology in Russia].
Modern toxicology as a science and educational subject originated from forensic medicine in the middle of the XIXth century. In the beginning, selected toxicological problems were taught in the Emperor's Medical Surgical Academy (presently S. M. ⋯ The works of these researchers predetermined the further development of toxicology in this country, its main purpose being provision of medical aid in case of poisoning and diseases of chemical etiology. Another line of toxicological research became industrial and environmental toxicology having the purpose of hygienic rating and prevention of poisoning. Nevertheless, all aspects of the multifaceted science of toxicology are related to forensic medicine as the cradle in which it originated, evolved, and turned into a self-consistent science.
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The activities of the Educational and Methodological Association (EMA) for pharmaceutical teaching in the Russian higher education institutions were renewed and updated. The Educational and Methodological Commission (EMC) on forensic medicine is an integral part of EMA. EMC was set up with an object of further developing the system of continuous professional education, implementing the federal state educational standard of the third generation, preserving and maintaing the uniform educational environment. The work of EMC in the field of forensic medicine is of primary importance for the optimization of academic activities in medical higher education institutions and research institutes training personnel for forensic medical facilities.
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The objective of the present study was to identify morphological features of stab and slush injuries to the skin inflicted with the ragged-spine knife. Visual and stereoscopic examination of experimental skin injuries to the biodummies revealed a number of peculiar characteristics of such wounds. Their severity is shown to depend on such factors as pressure on the spine or the blade.