Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effect of caudal block on stress responses in children.
The present study was performed during lower abdominal and genitourinary surgery, to assess the effects of caudal block on plasma cortisol, prolactin, insulin and glucose concentrations during and after surgery. ⋯ These results indicate that caudal anesthesia suppresses the metabolic and endocrine responses to stress associated with lower abdominal and genitourinary surgery in children.
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Comparative Study
Nitric oxide inhalation therapy in very low-birthweight infants with hypoplastic lung due to oligohydramnios.
Although nitric oxide inhalation (iNO) therapy improves arterial oxygenation and reduces the rate of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in term neonates, the efficacy of this therapy in premature infants is controversial. The objective of the present study was to determine whether iNO therapy improves the survival of very low-birthweight infants with pulmonary hypoplasia due to prolonged rupture of membrane. ⋯ The majority of the infants with pulmonary hypoplasia due to oligohydramnios had persistent pulmonary hypertension. iNO improved the arterial oxygenation and significantly improved the survival rate. A controlled study to determine whether iNO therapy improves the survival rate of preterm infants with pulmonary hypoplasia due to oligohydramnios is necessary.