Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
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Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD) is characterized clinically by biphasic seizures and late magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities, such as reduced subcortical diffusion from day 3 onwards, often accompanied with some neurological sequelae. In the early stages of the disease, AESD closely resembles its far more prevalent and relatively benign counterpart, febrile seizure (FS). ⋯ The combination of CSF S100B and CSF total tau protein resulted in a positive predictive value of AESD 83.3%, which could be helpful for early diagnosis, facilitating early therapeutic interventions.