Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Analysis of procedural sedation provided by pediatricians.
Pediatric procedural sedation outside of the operating room is performed by a variety of pediatric specialists. Using the database from the Pediatric Sedation Research Consortium (PSRC), patient demographics, medications used, diagnoses, complications, and procedures involved when pediatricians provided sedation in this cohort, were described. 'Pediatrician' was defined as a general pediatrician, cardiologist, endocrinologist, gastroenterologist, hematologist/oncologist, neurologist, pulmonologist or hospitalist. ⋯ Pediatricians sedate for a variety of patients within the PSRC, but the patients tended to be younger, predominately ASA class I or II, non-emergency, and undergoing non-painful procedures when compared to non-pediatrician providers. The patient demographics, medications used, diagnoses, complications, and procedures involved varied between the groups significantly. Complication rates were similar between the groups.
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Clinical Trial
Respiratory viruses in neonates hospitalized with acute lower respiratory tract infections.
The burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in neonates has not been clearly studied. The aims of this study were to determine the overall distribution of respiratory viruses in neonates hospitalized with acute lower respiratory tract infectiosns (ALRI) and to describe the clinical characteristics of RSV infections in these neonates. ⋯ RSV was the most common viral etiology in neonates without underlying diseases who were hospitalized with ALRI. The disease severity of RSV infection was worse than that of other detected viral infections. Strict prevention strategies should be considered in overcrowded situations.
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The interaction between hypophosphatemia (HP) and severe malnutrition has received little attention. This study investigated the prevalence, severity, and risk factors of HP among severely malnourished children with sepsis in Bangladesh. ⋯ HP is common among children with sepsis. Potassium <2.5 mmol/L upon admission is considered a risk factor for moderate or severe HP in children with sepsis.
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Although familial occurrence of congenital pyloric atresia (CPA) has been frequently reported in the past, many of these cases were associated with epidermolysis bullosa (EB), and familial isolated CPA was a relatively rare condition. We prenatally diagnosed and successfully treated a sibling of a subject with isolated CPA, who was diagnosed prenatally by fetal ultrasonography based on the findings of a distended stomach combined with polyhydramnios. ⋯ The second case, a younger sister of the first case, was a female infant weighing 2434 g, who had been also diagnosed as CPA by fetal ultrasonography at the check-up for the polyhydramnios of the same mother. Neither of the infants showed dermal lesions such as EB, and both underwent pyloroplasty with an excision of the pyloric membrane successfully after birth.
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The aims of this study were: (i) to determine whether differences exist in the fine motor fluency and flexibility of three groups (children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], children in whom ADHD is comorbid with developmental coordination disorder [DCD] [denoted as ADHD+DCD], and a typically developing control group); and (ii) to clarify whether the degree of severity of core symptoms affects performance. ⋯ Children with ADHD demonstrated proper fine motor fluency and flexibility, and deficient performance occurred when ADHD was comorbid with developmental coordination disorder. Children with ADHD had more difficulty implementing closed-loop movements that required higher levels of cognitive processing than those of their typically developing peers. Also, deficits in fine motor control were more pronounced when ADHD was combined with movement coordination problems. The severity of core symptoms had a greater effect on children with ADHD's fine motor flexibility than did fluency performance. In children with pure ADHD, unsmooth movement performance was highly related to the severity of core symptoms.