Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
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Comparative Study
Oxygen saturation/minute heart rate index: Simple lung function test for children.
The severity of airway obstruction can be accurately determined on spirometry in children with asthma. Other assessments may include peak expiratory flow and pulse oximetry. In the present study, we evaluated the validity and reliability of oxygen saturation/minute heart rate (SpO2 /MHR) index in the prediction of degree of severe airway obstruction in children with asthma. ⋯ SpO2 /MHR ratio appears to be a highly useful index to assess airway obstruction in older children with asthma. Thus, it can be used as a marker of airway obstruction severity when spirometry is not available.
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This study investigated risk factors of childhood urinary tract infection (UTI) associated with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria (ESBL-positive UTI) and evaluated antimicrobial resistance as well as empiric treatment of childhood UTI. ⋯ Clean intermittent catheterization, hospitalization and history of infection in the last 3 months should be considered as risk factors for ESBL-positive UTI. The combination of ampicillin plus amikacin should be taken into consideration for empiric therapy in patients with acute pyelonephritis who have the risk factors for ESBL-positive UTI. Nitrofurantoin seems to be a logical choice for the empiric therapy of cystitis.
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Observational Study
Status of and problems concerning neonatal resuscitation in Japan in 2015.
The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) published Consensus 2015 in October 2015. Thereafter, the Japanese version of neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation programs was revised. Prior to the revision, we re-conducted questionnaire surveys in three types of medical facilities in January 2015. ⋯ The equipment in Japanese delivery rooms is variable. Further efforts need to be made in the distribution of neonatal resuscitation devices and the dissemination of techniques.