Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
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High-quality evidence of analgesia and sedation management in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) is lacking. ⋯ This study is the first survey conducted by physicians regarding pain and agitation management in PICUs in Japan, and the results revealed great diversity in practice. The implementation strategies to assess pain, delirium, and withdrawal syndrome, as well as to set goals regarding sedation level, are lacking. Protocols for analgesia and sedation management are uncommon.