European journal of nutrition
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Meta Analysis
Association of famine exposure during early life with the risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood: a meta-analysis.
The association between famine exposure (defined as lengthy and continuous deprivation of food) during early life and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in adulthood remains controversial. A meta-analysis was performed to better clarify the relation of famine exposure to later T2DM risk. ⋯ The meta-analysis indicates that famine exposure during early life especially fetal-infant exposure may increase the risk of T2DM in adulthood. Measures should be taken to prevent malnutrition during important stages of growth and development to reduce the prevalence of T2DM.
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Comparative Study
Cardiac changes in apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and nitric oxide system induced by prenatal and postnatal zinc deficiency in male and female rats.
Zinc restriction during fetal and postnatal development could program cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of zinc restriction during fetal life, lactation, and/or post-weaning growth on cardiac inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and nitric oxide system of male and female adult rats. ⋯ Prenatal and postnatal zinc deficiency induces alterations in cardiac apoptotic, inflammatory, oxidative, and nitric oxide pathways that could predispose the onset of cardiovascular diseases in adult life.
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Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine abnormality among women of reproductive age and is usually associated with oligo-ovulation/anovulation, obesity, and insulin resistance. Hypovitaminosis D may also be a primary factor in the initiation and development of PCOS. However, little is known about the role of genetic variation in vitamin D metabolism in PCOS aetiology. Therefore, we studied the genetic polymorphisms of CYP2R1 and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) in an Indian population. ⋯ The present study shows that the GT allele of VDBP SNP rs7041, the VDBP allelic combination (GC1F/1F), and GA allele of CYP2R1 SNP rs2060793 in vitamin D deficient women increase the risk of PCOS.