Biology of the neonate
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Biology of the neonate · Jan 2005
Cold perfluorochemical-induced hypothermia protects lung integrity in normal rabbits.
To test the hypothesis that intrapulmonary perfluorochemical (PFC) liquid may induce hypothermia, and to compare the effects of internal (IC), external (EC), and combined cooling techniques (EC + IC), 14 juvenile rabbits were randomized to EC by a cold blanket (4 degrees C, n = 5), IC by intrapulmonary cold PFC liquid lavage (4 degrees C, n = 5), or combined IC with PFC and EC (n = 4). Arterial blood gas, blood pressure, and lung mechanics were monitored, and lung histology was examined by light microscopy. ⋯ Histological assessment revealed varied atelectasis in all lung regions in EC, whereas PFC-filled lungs (IC and EC + IC) demonstrated more homogenous expansion and no evidence of atelectasis. The results indicate that intrapulmonary PFC may be an effective technique to induce and/or augment hypothermia while supporting gas exchange, lung volume and pulmonary architecture.
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Biology of the neonate · Jan 2005
Effects of prior hypoxia exposure, endotoxin and sleep state on arousal ability to airway obstruction in piglets: implications for sudden infant death syndrome.
Respiratory tract infections may be an important component in many deaths attributed to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), although the mechanism of involvement remains unclear. ⋯ This study has demonstrated in a neonatal animal model that respiratory responsiveness to airways obstruction is delayed during recovery from fever. The findings may have implications for the human infant recovering from a respiratory illness.
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Biology of the neonate · Jan 2005
Mitigation of meconium-induced lung injury by surfactant and inhaled nitric oxide is associated with suppression of nuclear transcription factor kappa B.
To investigate whether the mechanism of a combined surfactant and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in improvement of oxygenation and mitigation of lung injury is associated with suppression of nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) in the lung tissue of ventilated rabbits with meconium aspiration. ⋯ Improvements of lung mechanics and gas exchange and mitigation of lung injury by the combined surfactant and iNO are related to suppression of NF-kappaB expression in lung tissue of ventilated rabbits with hypoxemic respiratory failure.
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Biology of the neonate · Jan 2005
Hyperoxia with 100% oxygen following hypoxia-ischemia increases brain damage in newborn rats.
To describe the effect of reoxygenation with 100% O2 as compared to the effect of room air in newborn rat brains after asphyxia. ⋯ We consider that hyperoxia with 100% oxygen after hypoxia-ischemia can cause more damage in the cerebral cortex than room air in newborn rats.
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Biology of the neonate · Jan 2005
Insulin-like growth factor attenuates apoptosis and mucosal damage in hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced intestinal injury.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a potentially lethal disease among premature infants. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R)-induced intestinal injury was due to increased apoptosis of the intestinal mucosa in young mice and whether pre-treatment of the animals with recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), a known anti-apoptotic factor, could protect the intestinal cells from H/R-induced apoptosis or intestinal injury. ⋯ The present study suggests that both necrosis and apoptosis, via mechanisms occurring due to oxygen-derived free radicals and activation of caspase-3, play a role in the pathogenesis of H/R-induced bowel injury. We also show that IGF-I protect intestinal mucosa from necrosis and apoptosis from intestinal H/R injury.