Medical progress through technology
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This paper describes: 1) the measurement method of electrical bio-impedance; 2) presentations of models of bio-impedance and their applications to some impedance analyses; 3) the analyses of steady state and dynamical state of electrical properties of the skin; and 4) the applications of bio-impedance. The applications include: 1) the influence of skin impedance to biological potential measurement; 2) skin moisturization measurement using skin admittance; and 3) gait analysis using lower leg electrical impedance.
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Comparative Study
Patient monitoring during and after open heart surgery by an improved deep body thermometer.
The deep body thermometer developed by Fox was improved by Togawa by thermal insulation of the probe. The present status of medical progress in clinical thermometry through the improved deep body thermometer was reviewed from the view point of cardiac surgery. The forehead and sole temperatures obtained by this improved thermometer were monitored and recorded by a multipotentiometric recorder continuously up to 12 days in the patients admitted to the ICU who underwent open heart surgery. ⋯ A state of shock can be diagnosed when the arterial systolic pressure is less than 90 mmHg and the urine output less than 1 ml/min/mg in addition to the dissociation. The effect of treatment and the prognosis for the patient are predictable according to the trends of the two temperatures as divergent or convergent. The dynamic thermometry by this thermometer is very informative and the procedure is noninvasive without discomfort to the patient.