Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle
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J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle · Nov 2021
Myosteatosis as an independent risk factor for mortality after kidney allograft transplantation: a retrospective cohort study.
Patients with end-stage renal disease may display both a loss of skeletal muscle mass and an increase in muscle fat deposits. We aimed to analyse the impact of low skeletal muscle mass index (SMI, surrogate marker of sarcopenia) and low muscle density (MD, surrogate marker of myosteatosis) on patient survival after kidney transplantation (KT). ⋯ Myosteatosis, which was more prevalent than low skeletal muscle mass, might be an important prognostic marker in patients undergoing KT.
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J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle · Oct 2021
Nutritional status and skeletal muscle status in patients with head and neck cancer: Impact on outcomes.
Computed tomography (CT)-defined skeletal muscle depletion and malnutrition are demonstrated as poor prognostic factors in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), however to date, have only been explored in isolation. We aimed to describe body composition profile and examine the impact of nutritional status as well as independently and concurrently occurring body composition features on overall survival, treatment completion, unplanned admissions and length of stay (LOS) in patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) of curative intent for HNC. ⋯ Malnutrition was a more powerful prognostic indicator than CT-defined skeletal muscle depletion and was independently associated with reduced OS in patients undergoing RT or CRT of curative intent for HNC. CT-defined skeletal muscle depletion studies should recognize the multifaceted nature of human body composition and also measure nutritional status using validated methods in order to move towards developing a typology of high risk criteria for this complex patient group.
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J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle · Oct 2021
ReviewPredictive impact of sarcopenia in solid cancers treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis.
Sarcopenia, which is characterized by a decrease in muscle quantity or quality, is commonly observed in patients with cancer. Recent research has reported contradictory results on the association between sarcopenia and the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate this discrepancy. ⋯ Poor survival and poor response in patients with sarcopenia indicate a negative association between sarcopenia and efficacy of ICIs. Sarcopenia's predictive ability is consistent across various tumour types. For the selection of patients who may respond to ICIs pre-therapeutically, the presence of sarcopenia should be assessed in clinical practice.
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J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle · Dec 2020
Randomized Controlled TrialSafety and pharmacokinetics of bimagrumab in healthy older and obese adults with body composition changes in the older cohort.
Bimagrumab prevents activity of myostatin and other negative regulators of skeletal muscle mass. This randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics of bimagrumab in healthy older and obese adults. ⋯ Bimagrumab was safe and well tolerated and demonstrated similar PK in older and obese adults. A single dose of bimagrumab rapidly increased TMV and LBM and decreased body adiposity in older adults. Muscle hypertrophy and fat loss were sustained with extended drug exposure.
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J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle · Dec 2020
The impact of different diagnostic criteria on the association of sarcopenia with injurious falls in the CLSA.
Sarcopenia definitions recommend different combinations of variables (lean mass, strength, and physical function) and different methods of adjusting lean mass. The purpose of this paper was to address the gaps in the literature regarding how differences in the operationalization of sarcopenia impact the association between sarcopenia and injurious falls. ⋯ Sarcopenia definitions based on different combinations of muscle variables and methods of adjusting lean mass are not equally associated with injurious falls. In men, definitions including grip strength but not gait speed or the chair rise test, and adjusting lean mass for weight, BMI, or using the residual technique but not height2 , tended to be associated with injurious falls. In women, sarcopenia was generally not associated with injurious falls regardless of the definition used.