Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses
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Severe pain is a common symptom of sickle cell disease (SCD). Transitions between adult and pediatric care are a point of particular vulnerability for patients, increasing the risk for poor pain management. The purpose of this literature review was to investigate the relationships among self-efficacy, transition, and SCD health outcomes. ⋯ If providers can identify individuals in this population with low self-efficacy, they may be able to intervene early to improve patient outcomes. Most identified studies point to the positive correlation between self-efficacy and positive health outcomes in adolescents with SCD. Self-efficacy has the potential to guide self-care interventions and further research with the SCD population.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Applying Manual Pressure before Benzathine Penicillin Injection for Rheumatic Fever Prophylaxis Reduces Pain in Children.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of applying manual pressure before benzathine penicillin injection and compare it with the standard injection technique in terms of reducing discomfort in children with rheumatic heart disease grouped by age and gender. This was a single-blind, randomized, crossover study. Fifty-one patients aged 7.1-19.9 years were recruited for this study carried out in the pediatric cardiology outpatient clinic. ⋯ The application of manual pressure reduces pain in children under the stress of repeated intramuscular injections, which supports the suggestion that it should be used in routine practice. Manual pressure to the injection site is a simple, pain-reducing technique. Implementing this technique in routine practice may also promote adherence to the prophylaxis regimen, especially in children.
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Cancer is a worldwide health problem. In Jordan, cancer is the second leading cause of death. Approximately 2,000 people die from cancer every year, 70% of them experiencing varying high levels of pain as a result of ineffective pain relief. ⋯ The A-BPI results identified that more than 70% of cancer patients in localized stage and more than 90% of patients with advanced cancer experienced substantial pain. Four major barriers to pain control were highlighted: fears related to addiction, side effects, communication concerns, and fatalistic beliefs. This study provides baseline information about the barriers to effective cancer pain control in Jordan.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effects of acupressure on menstrual distress and low back pain in dysmenorrheic young adult women: an experimental study.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of acupressure on menstrual distress and low back pain (LBP) in dysmenorrheic young adult women. In all, 129 female students, who had been experiencing dysmenorrhea with LBP during menstruation and who scored more than 4 points on the visual analog scale for pain, were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group (n = 65) received acupressure massage three times a week for 30 minutes on the sanyinjiao (SP6), ciliao (BL32), and taichong (Liver 3) acupoints. ⋯ During the 12-month follow-up, the experimental group had significantly lower menstrual distress and LBP scores than the control group. Among 65 participants in the experimental group, 53 (82%) reported a moderate to high levels of menstrual distress, 51 (78%) reported moderate to high levels of LBP relief, and 49 (75%) reported moderate to high levels of satisfaction with acupressure. Our findings may serve as a reference for health care professionals and young women to improve self-care during menstruation and help further understand the therapeutic effects of acupressure on menstrual distress and LBP.
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Multicenter Study
Generating and selecting pain indicators for brain-injured critical care patients.
Current pain assessment tools for nonverbal critical care patients may not be appropriate for those with brain injury, as these patients demonstrate specific responses to pain. The aim of this study was to generate and select items that could be used to assess pain in brain-injured patients. A sequential mixed-method design was chosen with three consecutive steps: 1. ⋯ All physiologic items showed little variability and their reliability was low. Based on these results, the number of items was reduced to 23. This study identified items that could be specific to brain-injured patients and found that the variability of physiologic items was poorly assessed by clinicians.