Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie
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Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol · Jan 2020
Biography Historical Article[Vladimir Bekhterev - A Protagonist of Research on Hypnosis?]
Vladimir Mikhailovich Bekhterev (1857-1927) is considered to be Russia's most famous neurologist and psychiatrist. In German-speaking countries his name is particularly connected with the orthopaedic disease ankylosing spondylitis or Bekhterev's disease. ⋯ In a late autobiographical script, Bekhterev saw himself primarily as the protagonist of Russian research on hypnosis and hypnotherapy. That is why this article scrutinizes important works by Bekhterev in the field of hypnosis and reveals how these have influenced his late work on reflexology.
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Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol · Jun 2018
Review[Psychotherapy of Depression as Neurobiological Process - Evidence from Neuroimaging].
Research on neurobiological effects of psychotherapy in depression facilitates the improvement of treatment strategies. The cortico-limbic dysregulation model serves as a framework for numerous studies on neurobiological changes in depression. In this model, depression is described as hypoactivation of dorsal cortical brain regions in conjunction with hyperactivation of ventral paralimbic regions. ⋯ Some neurobiological markers like the activity of the anterior cingulate cortex, striatum and insula as well as hippocampal volume have been proposed to predict treatment response on a group-level. The activity of the anterior insula appears to be a candidate bio-marker for differential indication for psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy. The cortico-limbic dysregulation model and following research have inspired new forms of treatment for depression like deep brain stimulation of the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, neurofeedback and attention training.
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Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol · Jul 2017
[Breaking Bad News to Cancer Patients: Content, Communication Preferences and Psychological Distress].
Objectives Breaking bad news can be a very distressing situation for both patients and physicians. Physician communication behavior should therefore match patients' communication preferences. The aim of this study was to characterize the content of bad news from the patients' perspective. ⋯ Patients in advanced stages report significantly more (29%) unmet communication needs than patients' in early stages (20%; p<0.01). Breaking bad news without considering patients' preferences was associated with higher psychological distress in patients. Conclusion Physicians should communicate in a patient-centered way to reduce mismatch with patients' preferences and thereby potentially reduce patients' psychological distress.
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Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol · Nov 2015
[Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome and Personality--Association of Somatic Symptoms and Psychic Structure].
Despite its high prevalence, little is known about the aetiology and maintenance of Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CPPS). CPPS is is considered to be a multi-causal syndrome with discomfort and pain in the pelvis. Recent literature suggests that psychosocial factors are important for understanding CPPS. For example, CPPS has been associated with deficits in mentalization and bonding experiences. Our study aims to characterize features of personality disorders according to DSM-IV and psychic structure according to OPD-2 in CPPS patients. Furthermore, we examine the association of personality aspects with urological symptoms (NIH Questionnaire) and pain perception (MPQ Questionnaire). ⋯ Compared to the reference values, only a few personality aspects differed in CPPS patients but there was a correlational association between different personality traits and pain perception. Despite the extend of symptoms, pain perception is associated with difficulty (emotional ability) in dealing with emotions, self-management and relationships. These personality aspects should be taken into account when planning therapy.