Histoire des sciences médicales
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The Archives of the Society of Medicine of Bordeaux include the period of two centuries from 1796 to 1995 and many autographs and letters of medical doctors and famous scholars can be found in them such as Claude Bernard, Laennec or Pasteur. All these autographs or letters are interesting as they bear witness to the action of them who made the real scientific medicine.
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The Trench Foot was described during the Napoleon's wars but its clinical picture dates from 1915. As a result of soldiers' life in trenches, it was recognized as a neurological, circulatory and infectious disease which struck thousands of fighters (chiefly French and English). ⋯ More than 200 papers were published about the Trench Foot and the numerous individual inventions to protect the soldier's foot from mud, rain, cold and compression. As this issue is found in most testimonies of the fighters that proves it was a real and further suffering in the trenches.
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Historical Article
[Mysteries of the Bourges mummy, an paleopathologic survey].
Discovered in 1908 in a lead coffin conserved in a stone sarcophagus, the mummy of the "fin Renard" (Bourges, France), was immediately identified as that of a gallo-roman child. The circumstances of his death as the extraordinary conservation of this body were the object of many conclusions related to contemporeanous medico-historical knowledge and limited by partial investigation potentiality. The application of the most actual paleopathological methods and techniques permitted a more precise observation of this unique but surprising French specimen. However, after many radiographic, scannographic, fibroscopic and microscopic studies, the little mummy conserves many of its mysteries...
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Historical Article
[When the Egyptian mummies are speaking about the infections that have made them ill].
The microbiological study of mummies has started in 1910 when Sir M. A. Ruffer first applied the histologic methods to the study of mummified tissues and found Schistosoma haematobium ovas dated from the XXth dynasty. ⋯ The recent introduction of molecular methods (PCR) allowed t confirm the high prevalence of helminth diseases and tuberculosis among these populations, but also added new data exemplified by the widespread distribution of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. In addition, cases of bacterial septicemias and diphteria possibily occurred. Thousands of human and animal mummies remain to be studied with the hope to discover another pathogens responsible for viral or zoonotic infections prevalent during the pharaons' times.
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Two papyri are very interesting for Medicine history of the Antiquity. The first one (a Greek papyrus prolifically illustrated between 100 B. ⋯ D.) reveals the value of the illustrators of works in the Greek and Roman period and the second (the famous papyrus of Milan 300 B. C.) includes a part about the epigrams of curing.