Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes : JAIDS
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J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. · Apr 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialExpanding substance use treatment options for HIV prevention with buprenorphine-naloxone: HIV Prevention Trials Network 058.
Injection opioid use plays a significant role in the transmission of HIV infection in many communities and several regions of the world. Access to evidence-based treatments for opioid use disorders is extremely limited. ⋯ Participants receiving BUP/NX 3 times weekly were more likely to reduce opioid injection while on active treatment. Both treatment strategies were considered safe and associated with reductions in injection-related risk behavior. These data support the use of thrice-weekly BUP/NX as a way to reduce exposure to HIV risk. Continued access to BUP/NX may be required to sustain reductions in opioid use.
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J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. · Apr 2015
ReviewA systematic review of the effects of visual inspection with acetic acid, cryotherapy, and loop electrosurgical excision procedures for cervical dysplasia in HIV-infected women in low- and middle-income countries.
Cervical cancer, almost all of which is caused by human papillomavirus, accounts for 12% of female cancers worldwide and is more common among HIV-infected women. Nine of 10 deaths from cervical cancer occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Simple screening methods and outpatient treatment of precursor lesions save lives but the benefit of these interventions among HIV-infected women is uncertain. ⋯ Dysplasia prevalence and recurrence were higher among HIV-infected compared with HIV-uninfected women but morbidity from treatment was similar. Few data exist on long-term outcomes of VIA, cryotherapy, or loop electrosurgical excision procedure interventions among HIV-infected women in LMIC; longer-term outcomes research is needed to assess the effects of VIA or other screening modalities and outpatient treatment on prevention of cervical cancer among HIV-infected women.
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J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. · Apr 2015
Sofosbuvir for chronic hepatitis C virus infection genotype 1-4 in patients coinfected with HIV.
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected patients. Sofosbuvir is a first-in-class HCV NS5B inhibitor with potent pan-genotypic antiviral activity. We report a 2-part study that assessed the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir in HCV/HIV-coinfected patients. Part A examined potential drug interactions between sofosbuvir and antiretrovirals (efavirenz, emtricitabine, tenofovir, zidovudine, lamivudine, atazanavir, ritonavir, darunavir, and raltegravir). Part B was a pilot study of sofosbuvir plus peginterferon-ribavirin administered for 12 weeks. ⋯ Sofosbuvir may be coadministered safely with many commonly used antiretrovirals. The addition of sofosbuvir to peginterferon-ribavirin was highly effective as assessed by SVR in HCV/HIV-coinfected patients.