Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
-
Comparative Study
Instruments to assess sarcopenia and physical frailty in older people living in a community (care) setting: similarities and discrepancies.
Both sarcopenia and physical frailty are geriatric syndromes causing loss of functionality and independence. This study explored the association between sarcopenia and physical frailty and the overlap of their criteria in older people living in different community (care) settings. Moreover, it investigated the concurrent validity of the FRAIL scale to assess physical frailty, by comparison with the widely used Fried criteria. ⋯ Sarcopenia and physical frailty were associated and partly overlap, especially on parameters of impaired physical function. Some evidence for concurrent validity between the FRAIL scale and Fried criteria was found. Future research should elicit the value of combining sarcopenia and frailty measures in preventing disability and other negative health outcomes.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Effects of a home-based physical rehabilitation program on physical disability after hip fracture: a randomized controlled trial.
Fewer than half of the patients with hip fracture will regain the prefracture level of physical functioning. This secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of a multicomponent home-based rehabilitation program (ProMo) on physical disability after hip fracture. ⋯ The current analyses suggest that home-based rehabilitation may reduce disability among older people after hip fracture. The present results need to be confirmed in a study with larger sample size. Potentially a more task-oriented rehabilitation approach might gain more benefits. Current Controlled Trials (ISRCTN53680197).
-
Comparative Study
Depression, frailty, and all-cause mortality: a cohort study of men older than 75 years.
Depression is associated with increased mortality, but it is unclear if this relationship is truly causal. ⋯ Current, but not past, depression is associated with increased mortality, and this excess mortality is strongly associated with frailty. Interventions designed to decrease depression-related mortality in later life may need to focus on ameliorating frailty in addition to treating depression.
-
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults without dementia. ⋯ A lower level of kidney function was associated with lower cognitive performance in attention and processing speed. These results suggest that eGFR might be an effective method to screen for cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Ultrasound and electrical stimulator-guided obturator nerve block with phenol in the treatment of hip adductor spasticity in long-term care patients: a randomized, triple blind, placebo controlled study.
To evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided phenol nerve block in the treatment of severe hip adductor spasticity in long-term care patients. ⋯ Obturator neurolysis with 5% aqueous phenol as guided by both ultrasound and electrical stimulation can safely and effectively reduce hip adductor spasticity, thus, improving hygiene scores and patient-centered outcomes measured by the GAS in affected long-term care residents.