Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
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Low fat-free mass (FFM) is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in elderly and patient populations. Therefore, measurement of FFM is important in nutritional assessment. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a convenient method to assess FFM and FFM index (FFMI; FFM/height(2)). Although reference values have been established for individuals with normal body weight, no specific cutoff values are available for overweight and obese populations. Also, limited studies accounted for the age-related decline in FFM. ⋯ Using the UK Biobank dataset, new reference values for body composition assessed with BIA were determined in white-ethnic men and women aged 45 to 69 years. Because these reference values are BMI specific, they are of broad interest for overweight and obese populations.
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The purpose of this descriptive, retrospective analysis was to develop a demographic and clinical profile of nursing home residents with a diagnosis of Huntington's disease (HD). ⋯ The prevalence of HD in US nursing homes is very low (0.14%). Affected residents have significant cognitive and functional impairments, but problematic behaviors are present in only a minority. Serious comorbidities such as cancer and diabetes are rare. Antipsychotics, antidepressants, and anxiolytics are the mainstays of treatment.
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To evaluate the association between dementia and postoperative outcomes of older adults with hip fractures. ⋯ Dementia is common among older adults with hip fractures and associated with poor prognosis following hip fracture surgery. Specialized services targeting the growing number of older adults with dementia may help to prevent hip fractures and optimize postoperative care for this vulnerable population.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Effects of a multicomponent home-based physical rehabilitation program on mobility recovery after hip fracture: a randomized controlled trial.
To investigate whether a home-based rehabilitation program for community-dwelling older people with recent hip fracture is more effective than standard care in improving mobility recovery and reducing disability. ⋯ The individualized home-based rehabilitation program improved mobility recovery after hip fracture over standard care. To be efficacious in reducing or reversing disability after hip fracture, rehabilitation needs to be individualized, include many components, be progressive, and span a sufficiently long period. Current Controlled Trials (ISRCTN53680197).
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Delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD) is common in many settings. Nonetheless, little is known about the association between DSD and clinical outcomes. The study aim was to evaluate the association between DSD and related adverse outcomes at discharge from rehabilitation and at 1-year follow-up in older inpatients undergoing rehabilitation. ⋯ DSD is a strong predictor of functional dependence, institutionalization, and mortality in older patients admitted to a rehabilitation setting, suggesting that strategies to detect DSD routinely in practice should be developed and DSD should be included in prognostic models of health care.