Pain medicine : the official journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine
-
We aimed to quantify children's levels of pain and fear during needle puncture procedures in a context where intravenous sedation-analgesia seems to be effective for pain and anxiety relief. The relevance of a nonpharmacological intervention in the pharmacological regimen was evaluated. ⋯ Sedation is effective in lowering levels of fear and pain in children during procedures, but they still anticipate fear before the procedures. Parents are anxious for their children. Future hypnotic intervention could be helpful for children as well as parents to cope with anxiety during procedures.
-
Leconotide is an omega-conotoxin that blocks neuronal voltage sensitive calcium channels. This study compared the antihyperalgesic potencies of leconotide and ziconotide given intravenously alone and in combinations with a potassium channel modulator flupirtine, given intraperitoneally, in a rat model of diabetic neuropathic pain. ⋯ Leconotide could have wider clinical applications than ziconotide. Unlike ziconotide, powerful antihyperalgesia without side effects can be achieved by intravenous administration of leconotide thus avoiding the need for an intrathecal injection.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Durability of therapeutic response to milnacipran treatment for fibromyalgia. Results of a randomized, double-blind, monotherapy 6-month extension study.
To evaluate the durability of improvement and long-term efficacy of milnacipran treatment in fibromyalgia, to assess efficacy in patients re-randomized from placebo to milnacipran, and to collect additional information on the tolerability and efficacy of long-term treatment with milnacipran. ⋯ In addition to confirming that milnacipran safely and effectively improves the multiple symptoms of fibromyalgia, these data indicate that milnacipran provides 1-year durable efficacy in this patient population.