Nihon hōigaku zasshi = The Japanese journal of legal medicine
-
Nihon Hoigaku Zasshi · Aug 2000
[Application of the PCR-APLP method to determine ABO genotypes in forensic samples].
We carried out ABO genotyping of forensic samples by the amplified product length polymorphism (APLP) technique. We present two novel systems. One is termed as eight primers system, in which eight allele-specific primers are added into a single PCR reaction. ⋯ In PCR amplification with direct addition of specimen, ABO genotyping was also possible to blood stain, seminal stain, blood, saliva and urine. Furthermore, ABO genotyping worked only to chimpanzee. This PCR-APLP method should be convepffnt and valuable for forensic practice.
-
Nihon Hoigaku Zasshi · Nov 1999
Case Reports[An autopsy case of a bicycle accident with ring fracture at the base of the skull].
We report the autopsy case of a 41-year old passenger who suffered a significant head injury with a typical ring fracture at the base of the skull as a result of a violent fall from a bicycle. Several reports about ring fractures of the base of the skull revealed that they were due to crashing a car at high speed, a collision and/or a fall while riding a motorcycle and a fall in piloting a gyrocopter and so on resulting in severe injury to another part of the body. In this case, the ring fracture occurred when his spine was pushed up by high impact of the parieto-occipital region against the ground.
-
Nihon Hoigaku Zasshi · Apr 1997
[Report on medico-legal data from the mass-investigation performed by the Medico-Legal Society of Japan (XIV). Autopsy cases of traffic accidents in Japan (1990-1994). Planning and Development Committee of The Medico-Legal Society of Japan].
Autopsy findings in 3, 185 cases of death due to traffic accidents obtained from all institutions belong to the Medico-Legal Society of Japan between 1990 and 1994 were analyzed statistically. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The annual number of autopsy cases related to traffic accidents was stable and accounted for 10% of all autopsy cases examined. The autopsy cases also accounted for only 6% of all deaths due to traffic accidents. ⋯ Among those who died in cars, the drivers were most frequently those in their 50's, followed by those in their 20's. 4) The degree of external and internal injuries was compared. About half the victims sustained severe injuries both internally and externally, and the remaining half sustained mild external injuries and severe internal injuries. Run-over cases generally had severe injuries both internally and externally, but collision cases tended to have mild external injuries and severe internal injuries. 5) The most frequent cause of death was brain injury, followed by loss of blood and traumatic shock. 6) Tire marks were observed in 23% of the run-over cases, and they were observed in the head, face, neck, and thoracoabdominal region in most cases. 7) Of the collision cases, collision injuries were observed in 55.6%, and the sites of collision injuries were the crural and femoral regions. 8) Of those who died in the car, about 46% were the drivers. 9) Deaths while driving due to internal causes accounted for 3% of all autopsy cases who died in traffic accidents, and ischemic heart disease was the most frequent of the internal causes. 10) Concerning injuries caused by safety devices, 3.5% of the drivers and 4.4% of non-driver passengers were injured by the seat belts, and 3.9% of those who were riding motorcycles were injured by the helmets. 11) Alcohol was detected from 47.7% of the cadavers examined, and the alcohol level was 0.5 mg/ml or above in 19% of those driving and 50.2% of those on foot. 12) Stimulants were detected in 5 (3.8%) of 132 cases examined, and thinner was detected in 17 (13.0%) of 131 cases examined.
-
Nihon Hoigaku Zasshi · Feb 1997
[The 4th international conference of World Police Medical Officers in Clinical Forensic Medicine in Kumamoto, Japan].
The World Police Medical-Officers in Clinical Forensic Medicine (WPMO) is an international conference on practice of forensic medicine and clinical forensic medicine to be taken place every three years. Its 4th international conference (WPMO-1996-KUMAMOTO) was held on 19-23 August 1996 in Kumamoto, Japan. A total of 294 participants, 89 overseas from 18 countries and 205 domestic, were attended. ⋯ K.' by Dr. Reginald A. Bunting were tape-recorded and presented in this report as references of future activities of forensic medicine in Japan.
-
Nihon Hoigaku Zasshi · Oct 1996
[Personal identification using DNA polymorphism--the identification of forensic biological materials].
We performed personal identification by DNA polymorphism using forensic specimens. DNA was purified by the potassium iodine method instead of the phenol extraction method. When DNA is amplified by PCR, there are inhibitors of PCR such as melanin in hairs or blood and inorganic salts in bone. ⋯ Studies on a new microsatellite on the Y chromosome are needed for evaluation of polymorphism on the Y chromosome because it is not necessary to consider the alleles from the female in the paternity test in male children or female-derived elements in sexual delict, and there is a distance between the alleles using 27H39 alone. In this study, We evaluated the allele distribution of DYS384, DYS388, DYS389, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, and DYS393, in Japanese subjects and found the usefulness of DYS384 and DYS390. Future studies on personal identification by DNA polymorephism will mainly evaluate short tandem repeat (STR).