São Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina
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Considering the difficulties in stopping smoking, this article aimed to identify factors relating to failure of attempts to quit smoking among smokers who sought care at an outpatient clinic in a general university hospital. ⋯ The variables of lack of leisure activities, higher education and/or lack of tobacco-related disease correlated with failure to quit smoking among smokers who sought treatment at an outpatient clinic in a tertiary general hospital.
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Case Reports
New report of two patients with mosaic trisomy 9 presenting unusual features and longer survival.
Mosaic trisomy 9 is considered to be a rare chromosomal abnormality with limited survival. Our objective was to report on two patients with mosaic trisomy 9 presenting unusual findings and prolonged survival. ⋯ The first patient was a boy aged six years and five months presenting weight of 14.5 kg (< P3), height of 112 cm (P10), head circumference of 49 cm (P2), prominent forehead, triangular and asymmetric face, thin lips, right microtia with overfolded helix, small hands, micropenis (< P10), small testes and hallux valgus. His lymphocyte karyotype was mos 47,XY,+9[4]/46,XY[50]. Additional cytogenetic assessment of the skin showed normal results. The second patient was a two-year-old girl who was initially assessed at five months of age, when she presented weight of 5.3 kg (< P3), height of 61.5 cm (P2-P10), head circumference of 40.5 cm (P25), sparse hair, micrognathia, right ear with overfolded helix and preauricular pit, triphalangeal thumbs and sacral dimple. She also had a history of congenital heart disease, hearing loss, hypotonia, delayed neuropsychomotor development and swallowing disorder. Her lymphocyte karyotype was mos 47,XX,+9[3]/46,XX[69]. Both patients had unusual clinical findings (the first, hemifacial hypoplasia associated with microtia, with a phenotype of oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum, and the second, triphalangeal thumbs and hearing loss) and survival greater than what is usually described in the literature (< 1 year). Further reports will be critical for delineating the clinical features and determining the evolution of patients with mosaic trisomy 9.
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Dendritic cell maturation is considered essential for starting an immune response. The CD83 antigen is an important marker of dendritic cell maturation. The objectives here were to analyze CD83 antigen expression in human breast fibroadenoma and breast tissue adjacent to the lesion and to identify clinical factors that might influence this expression. ⋯ The expression of the CD83 antigen in the fibroadenoma was positive and greater than in the adjacent breast tissue. Positive expression of the antigen in the adjacent breast tissue was influenced by parity, and was significantly more evident in nulliparous women.
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Maintainance of postural balance requires detection of body movements, integration of sensory information in the central nervous system and an appropriate motor response. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether lower-limb dominance has an influence on postural balance. ⋯ The lower-limb dominance did not influence single-foot balance among sedentary males.
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Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER-2) are associated with tumorigenesis. Studies have shown that HER-2 can regulate COX-2 expression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between COX-2 and HER-2 expression in normal breast epithelium and in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) present in the same breast. ⋯ Our findings provide evidence that HER-2 and COX-2 regulate each other.