Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
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Genomic variations influencing response to pharmacotherapy of pain are under investigation. Candidate genes such as (opioid)-receptors, transporters and other molecules important for pharmacotherapy are discussed. ⋯ Blood levels of some NSAIDs are dependent on CYP2C9 activity, whereas opioid-receptor polymorphisms are discussed for differences in opioid mediated analgesia and side effects. Pharmacogenetics as a diagnostic tool has the potential to improve patient therapy and care, and it is hoped that pharmacogenetics will individualise drug treatment to a greater extent in the near future.
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Expert Opin Pharmacother · Oct 2007
ReviewLinezolid: effectiveness and safety for approved and off-label indications.
Multi-drug resistant Gram-positive cocci have emerged as significant pathogens of community- and hospital-acquired infections. Several antimicrobial agents that can be used for the treatment of these infections are presently available. However, the most appropriate treatment for each infection has not been established. ⋯ It has excellent pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, which allow early change from intravenous to oral administration. In addition, its effectiveness for the treatment of Gram-positive infections in immunocompetent and immunodeficient patients have been studied in several randomized controlled trials. In this review, the authors summarize all the available evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of linezolid compared with other antimicrobial agents for its approved and off-label indications.