The journal of pain : official journal of the American Pain Society
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Previous literature has rarely examined the role of pain in the process of disablement. We investigate how pain associates with disability transitions among older adults, using educational attainment as a moderator. Data are from the National Health and Aging Trends Study, N = 6,357; 33,201 1 year transitions between 2010 to 2020. ⋯ The analysis implicates pain as having a key role in the disablement process and suggests that education may moderate this with respect to coping with and subsequently recovering from disability. PERSPECTIVE: This article is among the first examining how pain is placed in the disablement process by affecting onset of and recovery from disability. Both paths are affected by pain, but education moderates the association only with respect to the recovery process.
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The aim of this paper was to investigate the role of economic (eg, GDP per capita), political (eg, healthcare spending), cultural (country-level aggregates norms) and individual correlates (eg, depression) of pain in a secondary analysis of a sample of 76,000 adults in 19 countries across Europe. The sample was aggregated from 2 waves of the Study of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe cohort, using multilevel models with cross-level interactions between individual and country-level effects. While there has been extensive focus on individual risk factors (eg, depression, cognition, BMI), the role of social, political and cultural contextual factors has been relatively underexplored. ⋯ These results contribute to the literature by identifying the importance of broader cultural factors alongside individual psychological indices of pain reporting. PERSPECTIVE: In this study we model how individual, political and cultural factors influence pain in a large cross-national sample. In addition to replicating established individual effects, it shows how cultural (ie, collectivism) and political (eg, GDP, healthcare spending) factors affect individual expressions of pain, and how the cultural and individual factors interact with each other.
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Review Meta Analysis
Effect of Type and Dose of Exercise on Neuropathic Pain after Experimental Sciatic Nerve Injury: a Preclinical Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
This preclinical systematic review aimed to determine the effectiveness of different types and doses of exercise on pain behavior and biomarkers in preclinical models of focal neuropathic pain. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and Cochrane library from inception to November 2022 for preclinical studies evaluating the effect of exercise compared to control interventions on neuropathic pain behavior after experimental sciatic nerve injury. If possible, data were meta-analyzed using random effect models with inverse-variance weighting. ⋯ PERSPECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates that aerobic exercise reduces neuropathic pain-related behavior in preclinical models of sciatic nerve injury. This effect is accompanied by changes in biomarkers associated with inflammation and neurotrophins among others. These results could help to develop exercise interventions for patients with neuropathic pain.
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It is currently unknown which pain-related factors contribute to long-term disability and poorer perceived health among older adults with chronic low back pain (LBP). This investigation sought to examine the unique influence of movement-evoked pain (MeP) and widespread pain (WP) on longitudinal health outcomes (ie, gait speed, perceived disability, and self-efficacy) in 250 older adults with chronic LBP. MeP was elicited with 3 standardized functional tests, while presence of WP was derived from the McGill Pain Map. ⋯ Compared to WP and resting and recall LBP intensity, MeP is most strongly related to longitudinal health outcomes in older adults with chronic LBP. PERSPECTIVE: This article establishes novel independent associations between MeP and worse perceived disability and self-efficacy at 12-months in older adults with chronic LBP. MeP likely has biopsychosocial underpinnings and consequences and may therefore be an important determinant of health outcomes in LBP and other geriatric chronic pain populations.
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When the source of nociception expands across a body area, the experience of pain increases due to the spatial integration of nociceptive information. This well-established effect is called spatial summation of pain (SSp) and has been the subject of multiple investigations. Here, we used cold-induced SSp to investigate the effect of attention on the spatial tuning of nociceptive processing. ⋯ Results support the role of cognitive processes such as attention in spatial tuning. PERSPECTIVE: This article presents experimental investigation of spatial tuning in pain and offers mechanistic insights of contiguous spatial summation of pain in healthy volunteers. Depending on how pain is evaluated in terms of attentional derivative (overall pain, directed, divided attention) the pain is reduced and spatial summation abolished.