The journal of pain : official journal of the American Pain Society
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Review Meta Analysis
PAIN-RELATED FEAR, PAIN INTENSITY AND FUNCTION IN INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS.
Pain-related fear is considered a strong psychological predictor for both chronic pain and disability. The aims of this study were to systematically review and critically appraise the concurrent association and the predictive value of pain-related fear affecting both pain intensity and disability in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain (MSK). PubMed, AMED, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubPsych, and the grey literature were searched from inception to January 2019. ⋯ Nevertheless, the overall quality and strength of the evidence was very low in terms of risk of bias, indirectness, imprecision, and publication bias. Thus, the findings should be taken with caution, and further research is needed. PROSPERO: CRD42018082018.
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Placebo analgesia is a robust phenomenon readily observed in both experimental and clinical settings. While researchers have begun to unpack its psychobiological mechanisms, important questions remain regarding how we can capitalize on the placebo effect to improve clinical pain outcomes. The current study tested whether providing individuals with instrumental control-that is, control over if and when they administer a treatment-is capable of enhancing placebo analgesia. ⋯ PERSPECTIVE: Placebo research typically involves passive designs where individuals have no control over treatment administration. We present novel data demonstrating that providing control over treatment administration substantially enhances both the magnitude and duration of placebo analgesia. As such, where possible, providing control may improve clinical pain outcomes via the placebo effect.
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Aberrant motor cortex plasticity is hypothesized to contribute to chronic musculoskeletal pain, but evidence is limited. Critically, studies have not considered individual differences in motor plasticity or how this relates to pain susceptibility. Here we examined the relationship between corticomotor excitability and an individual's susceptibility to pain as pain developed, was sustained and resolved over 21 days. ⋯ PERSPECTIVE: This article explores individual differences in motor plasticity in the transition to sustained pain. Individuals who developed corticomotor depression experienced higher pain and worse cognitive task performance than those who developed corticomotor facilitation. Corticomotor depression in the early stage of pain could indicate a higher susceptibility to pain.
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Effective management of patients with pain requires accurate information about the prevalence, outcomes, and co-occurrence of common pain conditions. However, the transition from ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM diagnostic coding in 2015 left researchers without methods for comparing the prevalence of pain conditions before and after the transition. In this study, we developed and assessed a diagnostic framework to serve as a crosswalk between ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes for common pain-related health conditions. ⋯ This allows the tool to serve as a foundation for a broad array of pain-related health services research utilizing electronic databases. PERSPECTIVE: This article details the development and assessment of the Pain Condition ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM Crosswalk, a diagnostic framework for assessing pain condition prevalence across the ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM transition. This framework can serve as a standardized tool for research on pain conditions, including health services and epidemiologic research.