American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology
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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. · May 2004
ReviewCardiac pharmacological preconditioning with volatile anesthetics: from bench to bedside?
A steadily increasing number of investigations demonstrate that preconditioning with volatile anesthetics attenuates the deleterious effects of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury by an ischemic preconditioning-like mechanism. Thus volatile anesthetics may represent the best choice for anesthesia of patients at risk for myocardial ischemia. However, factors such as old age, coexisting conditions such as diabetes mellitus and the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs or cyclooxygenase inhibitors, timing and duration of myocardial ischemia, and possible constraints of a complicated preconditioning protocol may limit the benefits of this powerful tool under clinical conditions. The purpose of this minireview is to provide a brief overview of the results of basic and clinical research on cardioprotection by volatile anesthetics.
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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. · May 2004
Endothelial cell P-selectin mediates a proinflammatory and prothrombogenic phenotype in cerebral venules of sickle cell transgenic mice.
Whereas the adhesion of leukocytes and erythrocytes to vascular endothelium has been implicated in the vasooclusive events associated with sickle cell disease, the role of platelet-vessel wall interactions in this process remains undefined. The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine whether the adhesion of platelets and leukocytes in cerebral venules differs between sickle cell transgenic (betaS) mice and their wild-type (WT) counterparts (C57Bl/6) under both resting and posthypoxic conditions, and 2) define the contributions of P-selectin to these adhesion processes. ⋯ Chimeric mice involving bone marrow transfer from betaS mice to P-sel(-/-) mice exhibited a profound attenuation of both platelet and leukocyte adhesion compared with betaS bone marrow transfer to WT mice. These findings indicate that betaS mice assume both an inflammatory and prothrombogenic phenotype, with endothelial cell P-selectin playing a major role in mediating these microvascular responses.