Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
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Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig · Jan 2014
Comparative StudySchool pupils and university students surveyed for drinking beverages containing caffeine.
Caffeine is a commonly found ingredient in many beverages. Its main dietary source is coffee, cola drinks and in recent years, energy drinks. ⋯ Drinking caffeine containing drinks by adolescents can be very variable and comes from many different sources. Thus, its intakes may be very high and so require monitoring, particularly for the youngest. Further observational studies are needed to assess the consumption of energy drinks in relation to physical activity.
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Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig · Jan 2014
Assessment of physical activity, energy expenditure and energy intakes of young men practicing aerobic sports.
Adequate nutrition and energy intake play key rule during the training period and recovery time. The assessment of athlete's energetic needs should be calculated individually, based on personal energy expenditure and Sense Wear PRO3 Armband (SWA) mobile monitor is a useful tool to achieve this goal. However, there is still few studies conducted with use of this monitor. ⋯ athletes, aerobic sports, energy expenditure, energy intake.
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Energy drinks are intended for people who work hard, both physically and mentally, particularly young people engaged in an active lifestyle. ⋯ Students consumed many more energy drinks during examinations (1424 +/- 1577 ml/week) than during the academic year (441 +/- 579 ml/week). About 30% more subjects from UPE drank such drinks, throughout both examinations and the academic year, compared to those from WULS. On average, most students drunk less than one can per day. During exams, only 49% students consumed an average of less than 125 ml of energy drinks per day, (WULS; 55% and UPE; 46%), whereas this rose to 84% during the academic year (WULS; 91% and UPA; 80%). The most popular brands were Tiger, Red Bull and Burn. CONCLUSIONS. It is important that due care and attention is exercised in consuming high amounts of energy drinks as they contain bioactive substances, including caffeine, inositol, taurine, glucuronolactone and vitamins of the group B. These all have specific effects on the body and can be a cause for concern if their intake is high.
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Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig · Jan 2013
ReviewThe role of dietary fats for preventing cardiovascular disease. A review.
At the present, there is a pandemic of chronic non-communicable disease (NCD) affecting most countries of the world. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has identified the main contributing determinants to be cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, malignant cancer and chronic disease of the respiratory system. Unhealthy nutrition, as well as other adverse lifestyle health behaviour are recognised to be part of the prime factors responsible. ⋯ It is however noteworthy that adopting a Mediterranean diet reduces IHD mortality. This is explained by a low consumption of SFAs but high intake of unsaturated fatty acids including n-3 PUFAs, and is linked to choosing the right vegetable fats. Oils that contain alpha-linoleic acid (ALA) are to be preferred in the diets of northern countries.
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Magnesium (Mg2+) plays a key role in many essential cellular processes such as intermediary metabolism, DNA replication and repair, transporting potassium and calcium ions, cell proliferation together with signalling transduction. Dietary sources rich in magnesium are whole and unrefined grains, seeds, cocoa, nuts, almonds and green leafy vegetables. Hard water is also considered to be an important source of magnesium beneficial to human health. ⋯ Any magnesium deficiencies could thereby cause a dysfunction of these systems to occur leading to DNA mutations. Magnesium deficiency may also be associated with inflammation and increased levels of free radicals where both inflammatory mediators and free radicals so arising could cause oxidative DNA damage and therefore tumour formation. The presented review article now provides a summary discussion of the various research performed concerning the impact that low magnesium intake has on tumour incidence; this includes impairment of magnesium homeostasis frequently observed in tumour cells, the influence of magnesium depletion on the progression of existing tumours and the occurrence of hypo-magnesaemia when patients are treated with certain anticancer drugs.